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INTRODUCTION: We aimed to estimate the proportion of each AT(N) (β-amyloid deposition [A], pathologic tau [T] and neurodegeneration [N]) profile in different clinical diagnosis groups and to describe the longitudinal change in clinical outcomes of individuals in each group. METHODS: Longitudinal change in clinical outcomes and conversion risk of AT(N) profiles are assessed using linear mixed effects models and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, respectively. RESULTS: Participants with A+T+N+ showed faster clinical progression than those with AT -N-and A+T±N-. Compared with AT -N-, participants with A+T+N± had an increased risk of conversion from CN to incident prodromal stage of AD, and from MCI to AD dementia. A+T+N+ showed an increased conversion risk when compared with A+T±N-. DISCUSSION: The 2018 research framework may provide prognostic information of clinical change and progression. It may also be useful for targeted recruitment of AD participants into clinical trials.

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In this paper, first, we establish the equivalence of the oscillation of the nonlinear dynamic equationson time scales, from which we obtain some oscillation criteria and comparison theorems for the first equation. Next, we obtain some new oscillation criteria for second-order linear dynamic equations on time scales. (~)

Aims To investigate: (a) the prevalence of overactive bladder among male and female operating room nurses; (b) the unhealthy toileting behaviours that nurses adopt to void their bladders; and (c) the mediating roles that different toileting behaviours play in the relationship between occupational stress and overactive bladder. Design A cross‐sectional design was used. Methods This study was conducted from July ‐ September 2016 in Jinan, China. Four hundred eligible operating room nurses in five hospitals were recruited. Data were collected through survey questionnaires including the nurse job stress scale, the toileting behaviours scale and the overactive bladder symptom score questionnaire. Multivariate linear or logistic regression models, as appropriate, were used to test the mediation effect of each toileting behaviour on the relationship between occupational stress and overactive bladder. Results Overactive bladder was highly prevalent in both male and female nurses working in operating rooms. Approximately one of three nurses reported experiencing an overactive bladder. The most common unhealthy toileting behaviour was delayed voiding. Unhealthy toileting behaviours mediated the relationship between occupational stress and overactive bladder. With high levels of occupational stress, nurses tended to adopt unhealthy toileting behaviours to empty their bladders. The more the nurses engaged in unhealthy toileting behaviours (e.g. delayed voiding and straining to void), the greater the likelihood of having overactive bladders. Conclusions This study highlights the mediating role of toileting behaviours on occupational stress and overactive bladder. To accommodate occupational stress, nurses engaged in unhealthy toileting behaviours that were detrimental to their bladder health.