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This paper aims to overview Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation and problems of BIM implementation in Japan. First, BIM implementation guidelines and pilot projects are introduced. Then, some popular BIM software together with typical implementation cases are provided. BIM implementation in Japan is not always encouraged via a top-down consensus in architectural firms and general contractors, as the client and architects can reduce the project risk inherent in design and drawings by transferring these tasks to a general contractor. The paper finally discusses the problems in project management to present a strategy to develop a new version of BIM that will provide value to all of the stakeholders of a project.

This paper aims to overview BIM (building information modeling) implementation in Singapore and to clarify the problems concerned with BIM in Singapore and Japan. The Singapore BIM Roadmap and related policies developed by BCA (Building and Construction Authority) are introduced at first along with the background and environment in Singapore. Despite of the assessment from Japan, BIM implementation in Singapore is not always perfect and well-equipped according to the authors' interviews to Japanese general contractors operating in Singapore. Japanese general contractors have ability to produce and coordinate design drawings and shop drawings by hiring in-house architects and engineers. The client and the architects can reduce project risk concerning design and drawings by transferring it to the general contractor. The authors discuss the problems on project management to show the strategy to develop the new version of BIM, hoping to share the value with all of the stakeholders of the project.

Thispaper presents a pilot study to eva 且 uate the effectiveness ofrisk strategies for proGurement in constructien projects ． Basica］ ly， authors used the Fault Tree Analysis to assess lhe probability of risk occurrence ， and 重 Q identify the importance of risk factors which contributes to risk occurrence ． Facilitating the dual structure between FaUlt Tree Analysis and Reliabi ］ ity Graph Analysis ， 1he comparison fbr the effectiveness of risk strategies will be evaTuated ． This study also aims to bui ］ d a deじision support system that is constructed by visual processes of risk analysis fbr risk managemen し In a case study ， the risk change in every project phase fbr each stakeholder is assessed to realize the ］ ife − cyc ］ e ofth ¢ project risks over pr〔 ｝ ject ］ ife by the cQncept Qfmultipledimensions ． Keywords ： pr ( ) ject risk ， risk factor ， risk strategy ， risk managernent