Background: Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) is indicated to drain the upper urinary tract collecting system in cases of obstruction. Objective of our study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Ultrasound guided direct puncture PCN in our populations.Methods: This observational study was conducted from May 2020 to April 2021in department of urology and renal transplant. The total 65 patients with upper urinary tract obstruction requiring PCN were enrolled. All parameters were recorded and statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS 16.0) for windows.Results: In our study Ca Cervix with ureteric infiltration (35%) was the most common indication for PCN tube placement. Majority of patients (83%) had Grade IV and Grade III hydroneprosis. Single attempt for tube placement was sufficient most of the time in (86% cases). Direct Puncture PCN tube placement was successful in 62 (95.4%) cases. The mean duration of procedure was 12.4 minutes. Loin pain was the most common procedure related complication observed in 58 patients. There was no evidence of visceral injury, no need of blood transfusion in post procedural duration in our study.Conclusions: USG guided direct puncture PCN technique is simple, low cost, less time consuming, less chance of loss of tract and effective procedure for drainage of urine in case of upper urinary tract obstruction. We recommended this procedure in grade III and IV hydronephrosis and this procedure suitable for developing countries like India because of procedure related low cost.

Introduction: Renal Angiomyolipomas are rare in pregnancy.They have tendency to grow in size leads to rupture and occasionally fatal because of hormonal imbalance. Our case report is aim to report the management strategy during first week of pregnancy. Case presentation: A 29 years female presented in her 11 weeks of gestation following ovulation induction with right flank pain which increased in severity recently.Radiological scans revealed 16x12 cm expanding mass suggestive of ruptured right renal AML. We have managed with a multidisciplinary approach and right open nephrectomy was performed in lieu of symptoms with serial ultrasound showed increased retroperitoneal collection in size. The histopathology revealed renal angiomyolipoma. On table and postoperative obstetrics scan revealed two live fetuses without any stress. Letter cesarean section was performed at 35 weeks without any complications. Conclusion: Ruptured renal angiomyolipoma is rarer with twin pregnancy.Multidisciplinary approach resulted in successful nephrectomy without concurrent delivery, allowing the pregnancy to proceed to term.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe a simple extravesical laparoscopic approach for supratrigonal vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair without cystotomy and closer of the vaginal vault. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed data of 36 patients from January 2015 to January 2020. In our technique, the fistula tract was identified without cystotomy with the help of preplaced ureteric catheter in VVF tract. After meticulous extravesical dissection of the fistula tract, the bladder wall was closed in a single layer using polyglactin 2.0 sutures. The omental flap was approximated over the vaginal vault without primary closer of the vault. Results: In most of the patients the fistula opening were located 2 cm away from ureteric orifice while in 4 patients it located within 2 cm of orifice. The mean operative time was 86 min (65–125) and estimated blood loss was 94 ml (40–130). The mean size of fistula was 7.1 mm (5–15 mm). Omental flap was approximate over vaginal opening in most of the patients. The average hospital stay of patients was 5 days. In all patients, Foley catheter was removed on day 14 after cystogram. The mean follow-up of patients was 4.2 months (3–7). All patients remained continent and symptom free during the follow-up periods. Conclusion: Our technique without suturing of the vaginal vault in laparoscopic VVF repair is safe in a simple supratrigonal fistula with good results and avoiding added suturing.