The objective of this study was to investigate Cd phytoremediation ability of Indian mustard, Brassica juncea. The study was conducted with 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg Kg(-1) CdCl2 in laboratory for 21 days and Cd concentrations in the root, shoot and leaf tissues were estimated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The plant showed high Cd tolerance of up to 400 mg Kg(-1) but there was a general trend of decline in the root and shoot length, tissue biomass, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. The tolerance index (TI) of plants were calculated taking both root and shoot lengths as variables. The maximum tolerance (TI shoot=87.4 % and TI root=89.6%) to Cd toxicity was observed at 25 mg Kg(-1), which progressively decreased with increase in dose. The highest shoot (10791 μg g(-1) dry wt) and root (9602 μg g(-1) dry wt) Cd accumulation was achieved at 200 mg kg(-1) Cd treatment and the maximum leaf Cd accumulation was 10071.6 μg g(-1) dry wt achieved at 100 mg Kg(-1) Cd, after 21 days of treatment. The enrichment coefficient and root to shoot translocation factor were calculated, which, pointed towards the suitability of Indian mustard for removing Cd from soil.

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The research about potential test of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) in order of phytoremediation of petroleum liquid waste had been done during. Completely Randomized Design was used in the experiment while the concentration of liquid waste as treatment were: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 %. Each treatment were replicated 4 times. Three parameter was measured; Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) reduction percentage, efficiency of phytoremediation and number of tillers. Regression analisys were used for the data and two of parameters show the hormesis phenomena, were; efficency of phytoremediation and number of tillers. The highest peak effect of treatment for efficiency of phytoremediation and number of tillers was on 45 %. TPH reduction percentage was the only one parameter that shows linier regression ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengenai uji potensi pada selada air (Pistia stratiotes) sebagai fitoremediasi limbah cair minyak bumi. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Juni sampai Desember 2012 di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Sriwijaya, Indonesia. Rancangan Acak Lengkap digunakan dalam percobaan sedangkan konsentrasi limbah cair sebagai perlakuan adalah: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 75%. Setiap perlakuan direplikasi 4 kali. Tiga parameter diukur; Persentase reduksi Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH), efisiensi fitoremediasi dan jumlah anakan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk data dan dua parameter menunjukkan fenomena hormon; Manfaat fitoremediasi dan jumlah anakan. Efek puncak tertinggi perlakuan untuk efisiensi fitoremediasi dan jumlah anakan adalah pada 45%. Persentase penurunan TPH adalah satu-satunya parameter yang menunjukkan regresi linier

Background: Deaths in productive age group due to HIV/AIDS have damaging impact on families and communities, skills are lost, workforce shrinks & children's are orphaned. Our study reports the socio-demographic characteristics of HIV/ AIDS clients from one of the Integrated Counselling & Testing Centre (ICTC) situated at Amtala, West Bengal. This will give us an insight on the distribution of various epidemiological characteristics of the HIV positive clients in this region thus help in formulating strategies for effective implementation of its prevention. The objective was to study socio-demographic profile and risk behavior pattern of HIV positive clients attending ICTC.Methods: It was an observational study cross sectional in design. Records of last eight years of HIV positive clients were accessed from ICTC centre at Amtala hospital, rural training centre, Department of community medicine, ESI PGIMSR medical college, Joka, Kolkata. Data was entered in SPSS for Windows version 20 software. Data was presented in percentages, mean with standard deviation etc.Results: Retrospective record of 62 HIV positive clients was studied, of them 37 were males (5 pediatric cases) and 25 females (7 ANC).Excluding pediatric clients, mean age of clients was 32 years. It was observed that majority of clients were illiterate and were on daily wages. Except one male client who was homosexual rest were heterosexual. Majority of clients 71.9% males and 92% females were married, of them 45.3% males and 34.7% females were sero concordant with their spouse. Seventeen subjects were co infected with TB.Conclusions: HIV sero prevalence rate has inverse relation with literacy level. Majority of male clients were daily wagers who act as link between high risk populations to general population i.e. their spouse, which in turn can pass on the infection to her baby. Lack of knowledge on mode of spread and preventive measures against HIV infection devastate the families making many children orphaned. There is need to carry out intense IEC activities for behavior change at grass root level.

Eichhornia crassipes is an abundant floating aquatic weed that has great potential for cadmium (Cd) remediation owing to its large biomass and relatively high tolerance and accumulation capabilities. This study was conducted with Eichhornia in 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg L -1 CdCl 2 in a hydroponic system for 21 days, and the Cd concentrations in the roots, shoots, and leaves were estimated. The plant showed tolerance, but at high Cd concentrations declines in biomass, root length, and leaf area were observed. Leaves showed a progressive decline in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and soluble protein and a significant elevation in lipid peroxidation. Cd uptake gradually increased in all the plant tissues up to 15 mg L -1 exposure, but at 20 mg L -1 the accumulation declined. Shoot tissues accumulated more Cd than root and leaf tissues. The highest accumulation by the plant was 1927.83 µg g -1 dry wt at 15 mg L -1 Cd. The maximum leaf, shoot, and root bioconcentration factors were 179.05, 187.59, and 169.3, respectively, and the maximum translocation factor of 1.003 was observed at 5 mg L -1 Cd. The root-to-leaf translocation of Cd was 100% efficient for all the doses of Cd exposure, except for 20 mg L -1 . The results of this study suggested that water hyacinth tolerated phytotoxic concentrations of up to 15 mg L -1 and efficiently hyperaccumulated Cd in its above-ground tissues.