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To investigate the dose-volume variations of planning target volume (PTV) and organ at risks (OARs) in eleven prostate cancer patients planned with single and double arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) when varying collimator angle. Single and double arc VMAT treatment plans were created using Monaco5.0® with collimator angle set to 0°. All plans were normalized 7600 cGy dose to the 95% of clinical target volume (CTV) volume. The single arc VMAT plans were reoptimized with different collimator angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°), and for double arc VMAT plans (0–0°, 15°–345, 30–330°, 45–315°, 60–300°, 75–285°, 90–270°) using the same optimization parameters. For the comparison the parameters of heterogeneity index (HI), dose-volume histogram and minimum dose to the 95% of PTV volume (D95 PTV) calculated and analyzed. The best plans were verified using 2 dimensional ion chamber array IBA Matrixx® and three-dimensional IBA Compass® program. The comparison between calculation and measurement were made by the γ-index (3%/3 mm) analysis. A higher D95 (PTV) were found for single arc VMAT with 15° collimator angle. For double arc, VMAT with 60–300° and 75–285° collimator angles. However, lower rectum doses obtained for 75–285° collimator angles. There was no significant dose difference, based on other OARs which are bladder and femur head. When we compared single and double arc VMAT's D95 (PTV), we determined 2.44% high coverage and lower HI with double arc VMAT. All plans passed the γ-index (3%/3 mm) analysis with more than 97% of the points and we had an average γ-index for CTV 0.36, for PTV 0.32 with double arc VMAT. These results were significant by Wilcoxon signed rank test statistically. The results show that dose coverage of target and OAR's doses also depend significantly on the collimator angles due to the geometry of target and OARs. Based on the results we have decided to plan prostate cancer patients in our clinic with double arc VMAT and 75°–285° collimator angles.

Araştırma postpartum dönemde primipar annelere verilen eğitimin yenidoğanı algılama ve maternal bağlanmaya etkisini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Araştırma Mart 2009-Şubat 2011 tarihleri arasında kontrol gruplu deneme modeliyle yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Erzurum il merkezinde bir aile sağlığı merkezine kayıtlı primipar, postpartum dönemde olan anneler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örnekleminde ise güç analizi ile belirlenen rastlantısal örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 55 kontrol, 55 Eğitim grubunda olmak üzere toplam 110 anne ile çalışılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında annelerin tanıtıcı özelliklerine ilişkin kişisel bilgi formu, Yenidoğanı Algılama Ölçeği ve Maternal Bağlanma Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler; yüzdelik, ki-kare, varyans analizi, korelasyon kullanılmıştır. BULGULAR: Annelerin yenidoğanı algılama durumları karşılaştırıldığında; eğitim grubundaki annelerin %92.7'si kontrol grubundaki annelerin %85.5'inin bebeğini olumlu algıladığı, gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Her iki gruptaki annelerin 4. ve12. haftada maternal bağlanma düzeyleri incelendiğinde; eğitim grubundaki annelerin maternal bağlanma düzeyleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur ve gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.001, p<0.05). TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Primipar annelere verilen eğitim annelerin maternal bağlanma düzeyini artırdığı belirlenmiştir.

In order to investigate the substitution position effect on the spectroscopic, electrochemical, and magnetic properties of copper phthalocyanines, a detailed structure-property analysis has been performed by examining two copper phthalocyanines that are octasubstituted by hexylsulfanyl chains respectively in the peripheral (Cu-P) and non-peripheral (Cu-NP) positions. Cu-NP showed a marked near-IR maximum absorption compared to Cu-P and, accordingly, a smaller HOMO-LUMO energy gap, calculated via the electrochemical results and simulations in the gas phase, as well as for Cu-NP from its crystallographic data. An electron-spin resonance (ESR) technique is used to extract the g values from the powder spectra that are taken at room temperature. The g values were determined to be g = 2.160 and g = 2.045 for Cu-P and g = 2.150 and g = 2.050 for Cu-NP. These values indicate that the paramagnetic copper center in both phthalocyanines has axial symmetry with a planar anisotropy ( g > g). The ESR spectra in solution could be obtained only for Cu-P. Curie law is used to fit the experimental data of the magnetic susceptibility versus temperature graphs, and the Curie constant ( C) and diamagnetic/temperature-independent paramagnetic (α) contributions are deduced as 0.37598 (0.39576) cm·K/mol and -23 × 10 (25 × 10) cm/mol respectively for Cu-P and Cu-NP. The room temperature magnetic moment value (1.70 μ) is close to the spin-only value (1.73 μ) for the peripheral complex, showing that there is no orbital contribution to μ. In contrast, at room temperature, the value of the magnetic moment (1.77 μ) is above the spin-only value, showing an orbital contribution to the magnetic moment. Cu-NP's room temperature magnetic moment value is larger than the value for Cu-P, demonstrating that the orbital contribution to the magnetic moment depends upon the substituent position. The magnitudes of the effective magnetic moment values also support that both Cu-P and Cu-NP complexes have square-planar coordination. This result is consistent with the determined g values. The spin densities were determined experimentally, and the results suggest that the positions of the substituents affect these values (0.469 for Cu-P and 0.490 for Cu-NP).