Orthorhombic crystals diffracting beyond 1.7 A resolution, have been grown from the stoichiometric complex formed between human leukocyte elastase (HLE) and the third domain of turkey ovomucoid inhibitor (OMTKY3). The crystal and molecular structure has been determined with the multiple isomorphous replacement technique. The complex has been modeled using the known structure of OMTKY3 and partial sequence information for HLE, and has been refined. The current crystallographic R‐value is 0.21 for reflections from 25 to 1.8 A resolution. HLE shows the characteristic polypeptide fold of trypsin‐like serine proteinases and consists of 218 amino acid residues. However, several loop segments, mainly arranged around the substrate binding site, have unique conformations. The largest deviations from the other vertebrate proteinases of known spatial structure are around Cys168. The specificity pocket is constricted by Val190, Val216 and Asp226 to preferentially accommodate medium sized hydrophobic amino acids at P1. Seven residues of the OMTKY3‐binding segment are in specific contact with HLE. This interaction and geometry around the reactive site are similar as observed in other complexes. It is the first serine proteinase glycoprotein analysed, having two sugar chains attached to Asn159 and to residue 109.

Number size characteristics and PM10 mass concentrations of particles emitted during the packaging of various kinds of carbon blacks were measured continuously in the bag filling areas of three carbon black plants and concurrently at ambient comparison sites. PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 dust fractions were also determined in the bag filling areas. The filter samples were then analyzed for elemental and organic carbon. Comparisons of the measured number size distributions and mass concentrations during bag filling activities with those measured parallel at the ambient site and with those determined during nonworking periods in the work area enabled the characterization of emitted particles. PM10 mass concentrations were consistently elevated (up to a factor of 20 compared to ambient concentrations) during working periods in the bag filling area. Detailed analysis revealed that the carbon black particles released by bag filling activities had a size distribution starting at approximately 400 nm aerodynamic diameter (dae) with modes around 1 microm dae and > 8 microm dae. Ultrafine particles (< 100 nm dae), detected in the bag filling areas, were most likely attributed to noncarbon black sources such as forklift and gas heater emissions.

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The performance of four differential mobility analyzers (DMAs), namely the TSI-long, the TSI-short, the Hauke 31150, and the Spectromktre de Mobilite Electriqut Circulaire (SMEC) were evaluated under the same conditions of flow rates, flow ratio, input monodisperse aerosols, and transport-line lengths. The evaluations were performed under the conditions of 10 Ilmin sheath air and 1 llmin aerosol flow rates, and at a flow ratio of 10: 1. Monodisperse aerosols in the size range of 6 nm to 50 nm were obtained by classifying condensation aerosols using a Hauke DMA operated at 20: 1 flow ratio. The transfer functions of all four DMAs have been obtained by deconvoluting the scan results of the evaluated DMA (DMA2), and by using the empirical transfer function of the first DMA (DMA1, the Hauke DMA at 20: 1 flow ratio). The half-width, height, and area of the transfer functions have been compared for the four DMAs tested. These results provide a quantitative comparison of the mobility resolution and diffusionloss of the nanometer aerosols in the DMAs. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 24:l-13 (1996)

Summary:A solid phase, enzyme-linkcd immunoassay is described for the quantitative determination of the complex of human granulocyte elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) with αι-proteinase inhibitor. The assay employs antibody-coated test tubes and it is suitable for routine use in clinical chemistry laboratories. Data for sample stability and test characteristics are given. A reference r nge of 20-180 μg/l elastase in plasma was determined. The diagnostic significance of granulocyte elastase levels in plasma in inflammatory diseases is discussed. "PMN-Elastase Assay": Enzymimmunassay zur Bestimmung des Komplexes von menschlicher GranulocytenElastase mit a/-ProteinaseinhibitorZusammenfassung: Es wird ein Festphasen-Enzymimmunoassay zur quantitativen Bestimmung des Komplexes aus menschlicher Granulocyten-Elastase und arProteinaseinhibitor beschrieben. Es handelt sich um eine routinef hige Testversion mit Antik rper-beschichteten R hrchen. Daten zur Stabilit t von Proben und die Testcharakteristica werden angegeben. Als Referenzbereich f r Elastase im Plasma wurden 20-180 μο/1 ermittelt. Die Bedeutung der Granulocyten-Elastase im Plasma f r die Diagnose und Verlaufskontrolle von entz ndlichen Prozessen wird diskutiert.