The antibacterial effect of the crude hot Chloroform extracts and purified fractions of Spirogyra sp. (Green algae) against multidrug resistant human pathogen were isolated from burn and bound. The test bacterial strains were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli. Hot Chloroform extracts (128 and 256 mg/mL) of Spirogyra sp. inhibited growth of all the test organisms. Primary detection of active compounds showed that (Spirogyra sp.) containing Terpenoid, Flavonoids ,Phenols Saponins and Alkaloids. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry was used to know the compounds which responsible of antibacterial activity and they wereNonadecane (44.5%) and Eicosane(19.2%) are alkane hydrocarbon Alkanes .While, Pentadecane represented(10.2%).Octadecane(8.3%),Tetradecanedihydroxyl (4.2%) Hexadecane 2-hydroxyl(2.1%) and Hexadecane(1.3%) from the crud hot extract of Spirogyra sp.These findings suggest the possibility of using the Spirogyra sp. as a novel source of natural antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical industries.

Background: Bacterial infections are one of the prominent problems causing death, health troubles and physical disabilities all over the world. Objective: This study was aimed to compare between hot and cold alcoholic extract of Spirulina platensis. Materials and Methods: in regards to antibacterial efficacy against several multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Spirulina was isolated from a freshwater station located in Baghdad, then identified in consideration to molecular analysis and morphologically. algal extracts were prepared using 70% methanol through Soxhlet and maceration extraction methods, antibacterial activity for both algal extracts was carried out by using agar well diffusion assay against several bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcussp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. and Serratia marscesence), also antibiotic sensitivity was determined for five different antibiotics (Gentamycin, levofloxacin, Netilimicin, Meropeneme, Cefixime) against tested bacteria. Results: The results showed that hot methanolic extract gives higher inhibition zones than cold extract. Besides, GC-Mass assessments resulted to identify biologically active chemicals (36 in hot and 6 in cold) as well as many Phyto-compounds within algal extract respectively. Conclusions: hot alcoholic extract of Spirulina platensis a good and safe choice to treat diseases caused by multi drug-resistant human pathogenic bacteria.

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Giardia lamblia parasite was isolated from the diarrhea samples of patients with Giardiasis dysentery and was developed in HSP media, four mice groups have been used to find in vivo efficacy of two concentrations (128,256) mg/ml of chlorophorm extracts from Cladophora glomerata algae against Giardia lamblia parasite as compared with (Flagyl) by measuring several biochemical markers as ( GPT and GOT) enzymes ,sodium ,potassium and iron concentration as well as counting the number of parasitic cysts in each mice groups. The results demonstrate that levels of GPTA GOT enzymes have been decreased in mice treated with algal extract. As for the concentration of the Sodium, Potassium and Iron increased in mice treated with algal extract. The number of the Giardia cyst is also reduced in orally inoculated mice with both concentrations of algal extract as compared with positive control and the Flagyl treated group. In terms of bioactive compounds, GC-Mass results indicate the presence of many phytochemicals with different biologically active properties. This study represents the first attempt to use Cladophora glomerata derived from phytochemicals to treat giardiasis in vivo.