Rohana Kudus is a woman combatant from Minangkabau. She never went to school and only learning by self-educatedly. Even though, her struggle in education have started since childhood. She struggled for the woman education until she died. She struggeled not only through the education instituation but also through the newspaper. The act of Rohana in woman education can be seen trought the founding of Kerajinan Amai Setiia School in Koto Gadang Bukittinggi. In journalist, Rohana is noted as the first journalist woman in Indonesia and founded the newspaper for woman in her home town. She ever invited by the Dutch governance to came to Amstardam, but it was rejected, because she was not able to fight against the cultural construrction which did not permit woman to be active in polict. Finally, Rohana decided to remain her struggle for woman tthrough the journalist and education until she died.

AbstrakIndonesia

Many factors influence the increasing of domestic violence. They are economics, cultural, the limitation of society knowledge about domestic violence, and the limitation of available formal institution as the place of termination of domestic violence cases. The limitation of the formal institution can be understood, because it relates to the formal problem which is arranged by state, so that, the formal institution cannot be expected fully becomes a place of overcoming it. Considering the cases of domestic violence can be happened in all society, hence, the nearest institution with the society is the local institution where that society resides in. This institution can be in the form of custom institution. Therefore, it can be one of the alternatives in overcoming cases of domestic violence.

This study aims to determine and analyze the survival of women into a single mother. This was a qualitative research type. Single mothers are respondents in this study. Interview and observation carried out in data collection. The results showed that the task of women becomes more difficult if they become single parents. A woman should have a dual role in her family as a mother and father to her children. Mother is looking for a living for her family and their daily needs. It is concluded that a single mother at the same time must be able to overcome economic, psychological, and social problems in the society environment.

Abstract