Early identification with no gland manipulation prior to closure of the adrenal vein is the main advantages of the transperitoneal anterior approach. PHE may be treated safely and effectively by a laparoscopic transperitoneal anterior approach for right-sided lesions and with a transperitoneal anterior submesocolic approach for left-sided ones.

With adequate experience, LA with a transperitoneal anterior approach for AI is a safe and effective procedure. Early control of the adrenal vein with minimal gland manipulation and limited surgical dissection are its major advantages. In case of left LA, the submesocolic approach reduces the operative time significantly.

RBL is a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic internal haemorrhoids. Our long-term follow-up demonstrated good long-term results for internal second- and third-degree haemorrhoids.

In expert centers, LCBDE during LC is safe and effective with low short and long term morbidity rates.