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Infrared thermography technology has improved dramatically in recent years and is gaining renewed interest in the medical community for applications in skin tissue identification applications. However, there is still a need for an optimized measurement setup and protocol to obtain the most appropriate images for decision making and further processing. Nowadays, various cooling methods, measurement setups and cameras are used, but a general optimized cooling and measurement protocol has not been defined yet. In this literature review, an overview of different measurement setups, thermal excitation techniques and infrared camera equipment is given. It is possible to improve thermal images of skin lesions by choosing an appropriate cooling method, infrared camera and optimized measurement setup.

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Spot welds have a significant part in the creation of automotive vehicles. Since the integrity of, for example, a car, is dependent on the performance of multiple welds, it is important to ensure the quality of each spot weld. Several attempts have been made in order to determine the quality of spot welds, but most of them do not focus on the applicability in the manufacturing process. Spot weld inspections are often performed using back heating. However, during manufacturing, robotic inspections are desired, and since the bodywork of a car is a complex shape, the accessibility from the inside of the vehicle is minor. Therefore, inspections using front heating are more suitable. In this manuscript, multiple excitation methods are compared as well as different post-processing techniques. The used excitation techniques can be divided into light heating and inductive heating. Light heating is further divided in lock-in thermography and pulse thermography. The used post-processing techniques are principle component analysis and fast Fourier transform. Inductive heating turns out to be the most suitable measurement technique since it is fast and can be performed as front and back heating. Both investigated post-processing techniques deliver suitable information, such as relief images and information of the internal structure of the spot weld.

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