Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder that can affect adjacent and/or remote organs. Some evidence indicates that the production of reactive oxygen species is able to induce AP. Protein carbonyl (PC) derivatives, which can also be generated through oxidative cleavage mechanisms, have been implicated in several diseases, but there is little or no information on this biomarker in AP. We investigated the association between some inflammatory mediators and PC, with the severity of ischemia-reperfusion AP. Wistar rats (n = 56) were randomly assigned in the following groups : control; sham, 15- or 180-min clamping of splenic artery, with 24 or 72 h of follow-up. The relationships between serum level of PC and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) to myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in tissue homogenates and to cytokines in culture supernatants of pancreatic samples were analyzed. MPO activity was related to the histology scores and increased in all clamping groups. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 were higher in the 180-min groups. Significant correlations were found between MPO activity and the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β. PC levels increased in the 15-min to 24-h group. TBARS levels were not altered substantially. MPO activity and TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations in pancreatic tissue are correlated with AP severity. Serum levels of PC appear to begin to rise early in the course of the ischemia-reperfusion AP and are no longer detected at later stages in the absence of severe pancreatitis. These data suggest that PC can be an efficient tool for the diagnosis of early stages of AP.

Reflexões e Narrativas Pedagógicas – Volume 2 (Série Formação Docente) é a continuidade de uma série que trata da formação docente em seus múltiplos aspectos. Nosso desejo é seguir contribuindo e potencializando, de forma democrática e gratuita, os debates no campo da Educação, apresentando por meio desta nova coletânea, artigos que discutem questões fundamentais em diferentes áreas do conhecimento.

Objetivo: relatar nossa experiência com a colocação e o uso do cateter venoso central de longa permanência (CVCLP), implantado através das veias do braço. Pacientes e Métodos: trata-se de um trabalho retrospectivo em que foram analisados 586 cateteres implantados em crianças com câncer, de janeiro de 1995 a dezembro de 1999, no HC I - INCA. Resultados: dos 586 CVCLP implantados em crianças com câncer, 91,5% foram inseridos através das veias do braço (536), 45 (8%) implantados no tórax e 5 (1%) em outros sítios. As veias de escolha para o implante do cateter no braço foram as braquiais. Os resultados em relação às complicações (infecção, obstrução, exteriorização do anel fixador, ruptura do cateter, migração, entre outras), foram similares àqueles da literatura quando implantados no tórax. Conclusão: recomendamos a colocação do cateter no braço como primeira opção para colocação de cateteres venosos centrais de longa permanência para crianças com câncer, uma vez que mostrouse mais seguro, confortável, esteticamente mais tolerável e permitiu maior mobilidade aos pacientes, quando em uso do cateter do que os implantados no tórax. Implicação clínica: propomos a opção da colocação do CVCLP no braço como a primeira escolha por acharmos ser mais segura, mais confortável e eficiente, do que os implantados no tórax, para as crianças com câncer, que necessitem de um acesso venoso por tempo prolongado.

Introduction: sacrococcygeal teratoma (TSC) is the most common tumor of the neonatal period. Alphafetoprotein is an important tumor marker and is used in the follow-up period as a marker of malignancy. The complete surgical resection of the tumor associated with coccygectomy is the standard treatment and chemotherapy in different stages are necessary. Follow-up consists of serial exam: tumor markers, imaging searching to possible metastasis sites, in addition to a complete physical examination. Methodology: a descriptive, retrospective, study was carried out by analyzing a chart of 25 patients of two different reference children cancer center; with TSC in the State of Rio de Janeiro from 2004 to 2019. The clinical and epidemiological data collected were described and a comparison was made between these two centers studied. Results: the sociodemographic characteristics found were similar to those described in the medical literature. Data related to treatment and follow-up, such as the use of chemotherapy, use of specific imaging tests, digital rectal examination, and outpatient follow-up, differed between the two centers studied. There was a 25% loss of follow-up. Conclusion: the characteristic of being a non-cancer center can interfere with the full application of the current protocol for the treatment of sacrococcygeal teratoma. The knowledge of the data of the studied cases can allow the optimization of the approach of the patients with this pathology and generate discussions about the integral application of the specific therapeutic protocol in the medical centers that are qualified for such treatment.