Clinical photography in general and, specifically, using smart devices for clinical photographs have gained acceptance among patients. The outcomes of this study may be utilized to create policy guidelines for the use of smart devices as photography tools in the clinics. The findings of this survey can also help to create standardized, uniform patient consent forms for clinical photography.
Orbital cellulitis along with panophthalmitis is a rare occurrence, most commonly being trauma-related or endogenous (1). Panophthalmitis is a purulent inflammation of all the coats of the eyes and the intraocular contents, resulting from either an endogenous or exogenous source of infection. In this communication, we describe a case in a 25-year-old female, in the second trimester of her pregnancy, who developed orbital cellulitis and panophthalmitis caused by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), with the primary source of infection being cellulitis on her forearm following an intravenous injection. During pregnancy, generalized sepsis (in general) and orbital infections (in specific) are uncommon and must be treated promptly and adequately; at the same time, caution must be exercised due to the potentially adverse effects of therapeutic interventions on the unborn child. Institutional Review Board approval and written, informed consent from the patient for photography and publication were obtained prior to preparation of this manuscript.A 25-year-old female patient, in her second trimester of pregnancy, presented with complaints of sudden on-
Purpose:
To describe the clinical spectrum and management of glaucoma in congenital aphakia.
Methods:
The demographics and clinical spectrum of eyes with congenital aphakia with and without glaucoma were compared, and management outcomes of congenital aphakia cases with glaucoma were studied retrospectively between April 2000 and June 2020.
Results:
There were a total of 168 eyes (84 subjects) with a diagnosis of congenital aphakia, of which 29 eyes of 18 subjects were diagnosed with glaucoma. Corneal opacity was the presenting complaint in 26/29 eyes with glaucoma and 139/139 eyes without glaucoma. The (interquartile range (IQR)) horizontal corneal diameter was 10.5mm (IQR, 9.0-12.5) and 8mm (IQR, 5-10) in eyes with and without glaucoma (
P
= 0.01), respectively. The median (IQR) axial length was 17.5mm (IQR, 13.5-19.5) and 15mm (IQR, 14-16) mm in eyes with and without glaucoma (
P
= 0.03), respectively. Nineteen eyes with glaucoma had adequate intraocular pressure (IOP) control with one medication. Three eyes underwent transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation and maintained IOP without medications. Three eyes underwent trabeculectomy and trabeculotomy, trabeculectomy followed by penetrating keratoplasty, and trabeculectomy, respectively, of which two eyes became phthisical. At the last follow-up, the median (IQR) IOP was 14 mm Hg (IQR, 14-17) Hg. The median (IQR) follow-up duration was 4.53 months (IQR, 2.03- 48.06).
Conclusion:
One-fifth of the eyes with congenital aphakia had secondary developmental glaucoma. The corneal diameter and axial lengths were higher in the eyes with glaucoma compared to eyes without glaucoma. Medical management is the preferred short-term mode of IOP control. Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation may be preferred over surgical intervention.
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