Objective. To analyze the efficacy of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with radiation therapy (also known as radiotherapy) for prostate cancer. Methods. The clinical data of 94 prostate cancer patients treated in the Oncology Department of Xiangzhou People’s Hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into the combined group and the reference group according to their admission order, with 47 cases each. The patients in the reference group only received the radiotherapy, and on this basis, those in the combined group accepted ADT, so as to evaluate the efficacy of different treatment methods by comparing the patients’ serum total prostate-specific antigen (T-PSA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and other indicators and analyze the relevant factors affecting patients’ prognosis by Cox single-factor and multi-factor regression models. Results. Compared with the reference group after treatment, the patients in the combined group obtained significantly lower T-PSA and VEGF levels ( P < 0.001 ), significantly higher objective remission rate and disease control rate ( P < 0.05 ), and remarkably longer modified progression-free survival (mPFS) and overall survival (OS) ( P < 0.001 ), and after the multi-factor research, it was found that the Gleason score of 8–10, positive lymphatic metastasis, and single radiotherapy were the factors affecting the clinical prognosis of prostate cancer. Conclusion. Combining ADT with radiotherapy ensures a better survival benefit for prostate cancer patients and has a fairly well efficacy. Further study will be conducive to establishing a better solution for such patients.