Kaili is one of the ethnic region in Central Sulawesi which saves a lot of cultural values and traditions. As a traditional community, their life is very dependent upon natural resources contained in the environment. They still have knowledge, traditional culture, treatment and utilization system against various types of plants. The purpose of the study was to examine the knowledge understanding and utilization of medicinal plants by local community Tompu District of Kaili. Data knowledge and utilization were collected through interview, literature study, exploratory survey methods, PEA (participatory ethnobotanical appraisal), questionnaire and from interviews with the informants. The results from interviews showed that of public knowledge is still based on the traditional concept. Based on the results identifications obtained by (90 species). As many as six species medicinal plants to often used the Tompu community are Euphorbia hirta L. Phyllanthus niruri L. Ageratum L. Blumea conyzoides balsaminifera L. (DC). Kleinhovia hospita L and Tabernaemontana pandacaqui. The benefits of this research to the development of science is expected to be complete scientific data regarding the utilization of medicinal plants natural resources on Tribal society Kaili in Tompu.

Thermophilic bacteria can survive at high temperature, in which hot spring is one of its habitats. Indonesia has many hot springs with potential as a habitat for thermophilic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates thermophilic bacteria from Bora hotspring located in Central Sulawesi. This study applied a descriptive-observational study design, characteristics of bacterial properties identified using conventional methods according to the Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The study was conducted in 3 stages. The first stage was bacteria cultivation on the appropriate media, followed by stage of isolated and the last stage by identified characteristics of thermophilic bacteria which included microscopic and macroscopic morphology, Physiological and biochemistry test. The results of the isolates indicted 4 representative isolated of thermophilic bacteria from Bora Hot Spring namely TM022, TM023, TM024, TM026. The bacteria isolates obtained were bacillus, coccus and Gram negative and positive, while the physiological test of all isolates were able to grow and showed changes in the medium. This study is useful in providing characteristic of indigenous thermophilic bacteria isolates that produces thermostable enzymes.

This study aims to examine the knowledge of the community in Tiremenggal Village in utilizing food plants for immunonutrients. The research method used consists of two stages: the first stage of inventorying the level of community knowledge with exploratory survey methods and participatory ethnobotanical assessment through in-depth interviews (deep interviews) and structured (open-ended). The second stage is collecting data on the use of food plants using semi-structured interviews. The results showed that people's knowledge about food plants was obtained from asking other people (26%). The types of food plants identified were as many as 30 species covering staple food and additional food categories. In conclusion, the community's knowledge and ability in Tiremenggal village to utilize, compose and process traditional food plants as a source of immunonutrientts can be seen from the description of the aspects of their activities and activities. Keywords: Tiremenggal Village, Immunonutrients, Food Plants

Water hyacinth is a wild aquatic plant that grows quickly. The growth of water hyacinth need to be controled to prevent the flood and not to disturb paddy irrigation channels. Grass carp as herbivorous fish is used as natural predator to reduce the population of water hyacinth. The interaction between water hyacinth and grass carp is modeled using the prey-predator system. In this model there are harvest factors and predation factors using Holling type III. The optimal control problem is applied to minimize the mass of water hyacinth and harvest efforts of water hyacinth and maximize the mass of grass carp. The solution uses the Pontryagin Principle. The result is the harvesting of water hyacinth and the grass carp can minimize the water hyacinth biomass at the end of time. Eceng gondok merupakan tanaman liar di perairan yang tumbuh dengan cepat. Pertumbuhannya perlu dikendalikan agar tidak menyebabkan banjir dan tidak mengganggu saluran irigasi persawahan. Ikan grass carp sebagai ikan herbivora digunakan sebagai predator alami untuk mengurangi populasi eceng gondok. Hubungan antara eceng gondok dan ikan grass carp dimodelkan dengan menggunakan sistem prey-predator. Pada model ini terdapat faktor pemanenan dan faktor predasi menggunakan Holling tipe III. Masalah kendali optimal diterapkan dengan tujuan untuk meminimumkan massa eceng gondok dan usaha pemanenan eceng gondok serta memaksimumkan massa ikan grass carp. Penyelesaiannya menggunakan Prinsip Pontryagin. Hasilnya dengan adanya usaha pemanenan eceng gondok dan pengadaan ikan grass carp dapat meminimumkan biomassa eceng gondok di waktu akhir.

Pemanenan parsial pada budidaya udang vaname telah banyak dipraktikkan oleh para petani. Pemanenan parsial telah terbukti secara praktis dapat menghasilkan panen yang lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan pemanenan tunggal. Namun untuk menentukan waktu pemanenan parsial, para petani masih menggunakan perkiraan atau kebiasaan. Melalui penelitian ini akan dibuat suatu model pertumbuhan biomassa nonlinier dari budidaya udang vanami yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi waktu pemanenan yang menghasilkan biomassa maksimal. Dalam artikel ini digunakan data sekunder yang diolah menggunakan software MAPLE. Menggunakan persamaan pertumbuhan Von Bertalanffy, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemanan parsial mampu menunjukkan hasil 78% lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan sistem pemanenan tunggal. Model pertumbuhan biomassa yang telah dikonstruksi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa parameter yaitu A, M, L, W_, k, t_0