A ketosteroid has been isolated from the oleo-resin of COMMIPHORA MUKUL and its structure (4,17(20)trans pregnandiene 3,16-dione; Z-guggulsterone) established from its physico-chemical properties, specially UV, IR, NMR and mass-spectra. The isolated ketosteroid showed a strong thyroid stimulatory action when administered to albino rats. Its administration (1 mg/100 g body weight) brought about an increase in iodine-uptake by thyroid and enhanced activities of thyroid peroxidase and protease as well as oxygen consumption by isolated slices of liver and biceps muscle.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological degenerative condition described by a progressive decline in memory and associated with dementia. This disease arises usually after 65 years in individuals. Oxidative stress is the major cause of dementia connected with Alzheimer's disease. Here there is an imbalance between the creation and clearance of amyloid β protein, which leads to accumulation of amyloid β plaque in the brain and produces neuronal cell death. Anti-Alzheimer's medications help to cover the symptoms of disease but do not cure the cause of disease. Confirmatory studies suggest that a healthy diet of fruits and green vegetables containing phenolic combinations may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Apple cider vinegar (ACV) contains phenolic compounds like catechin, caffeic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acids and p-coumaric acid having high antioxidant potential. Phenolic compounds are not essential for survival but it can protect against various chronic diseases. Various researches showed that phenolic compounds cure β amyloid and tau protein correlated problems associated with AD. Regular consumption of these healthy substances in the diet may prevent the neuronal cells from oxidative stress which leads to AD. The purpose of this review is to highlight the health benefit role, functional property and therapeutic uses of Apple Cider Vinegar.

Z)-Guggulsterone, a ketosteroid isolated from the oleoresin of the dry exudate of Cornmiphora mukul, has been shown to stimulate the thyroid function in rats. This drug is now shown to counteract the thyroid-suppressant activity of a known thyroid inhibitor (carbimazole). This set of observations distinguishes the thyroid stimulatory action of (Z)-guggulsterone from that of the thyroid stimulatory hormone (TSH) of pituitary origin. It is, therefore, concluded that the action of (Z)-guggulsterone is not mediated by the pituitary.

Dementia linked with cognitive impairments is the most prominent indication of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the current investigation, we have examined the streptozotocin-(STZ) induced cellular toxicity in mouse neuroblastoma (N2A) cells, and Zn with the high-fat diet-(HFD) induced neurotoxicity in mouse brain. These cells and animals were pretreated with apple cider vinegar (ACV), Chrysin, and Rivastigmine to examine their protection against cellular toxicity and neurotoxicity. Experiments have affirmed that pretreatment of ACV, Chrysin, and Rivastigmine has displayed protective outcomes in MTT reduction, tau phosphorylation, amyloid aggregation, attenuated memory impairment as well as oxidative stress, and protected cholinergic hippocampal neurons from degeneration. ACV showed better antioxidant and neuroprotection potential as compared with Chrysin and Rivastigmine. So the existence of excitatory/inhibitory enzymatic activity and higher antioxidant potential indicate that ACV, as a food beverage in a regular diet, could be promising and effective against neurological complications such as AD. How to cite this article: Tripathi S, Kumari U, Mitra Mazumder P. Ameliorative effects of apple cider vinegar on neurological complications via regulation of oxidative stress markers.