The article is devoted to one of the relevant problems of modern medicine-osteoporosis. Osteoporosis epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic approaches, which are confirmed in domestic and foreign researches, are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the ambiguity and inconsistency of information on osteoporosis in childhood and adolescence, as well as the lack of convincing studies of this issue in children's sports medicine. The authors analyze the generally accepted approaches to the identification of risk groups for the osteoporosis development in children, the predisposing factors and the complex issues of osteoporosis diagnostics. Paper includes data on own observations of the most complex group of children and adolescents involved in sport, including professional sport. A separate section is devoted to the analysis of prescribed medications for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children and young athletes. The data are presented in accordance with the official information provided by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA, 2017).

Numerous studies conducted in recent decades have generated vast amounts of knowledge on sport-related concussions. This review analyzes international data on pediatric and adolescent sport-related concussions. Drawing on the most recent research into the pathophysiology of brain concussions, the authors identify and discuss “pain points” associated with SRC, i.e. unsolved problems of diagnostic criteria, the use of modern neuroimaging modalities and promising biomarkers. Special attention is paid to the physiology of children and adolescents and predisposing factors important for developing adequate diagnostic and management strategies. The authors formulate problems that need to be solved in order to improve care for young athletes with brain concussions.