The population in Semarang City has been more and more increased while the demand for land for built-up area has also steadily increased. These conditions have increased the surface temperature which triggered the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI). This study aims to determine the impact of land use changes to the UHI phenomenon in the Semarang City. The data used in this study included remote-sensing satellite images of Landsat TM5 in 2008 and Landsat8 OLI in 2018. The methods used were Top of Atmosphere (ToA) correction, spatial analysis, and Land Surface Temperature (LST). The results showed that in the period of 2008-2018, there was an increased built-up area by 13% while the use of forest and plantations area was decreased by 7%. In the period of 2008-2018, the surface temperature rised from 18-33⁰C to 22-40⁰C. The land use that has a highest surface temperature was on built-up area, reaching as much as 26-30⁰C in 2008 and 30-34⁰C in 2018 while the lowest was on water bodies as much as 22-26⁰C in 2008 and 24-26⁰C in 2018. The changes of land use into built-up area have led to increase surface temperatures which have caused the UHI phenomenon in Semarang City.

Bogor city is facing very serious congestion problems. Rearrangement of the spatial structure of the urban growth centers could improve the city's transportation system. This study aims to map the density of traffic, analyze the hierarchy of growth centers, analyze the spatial interactions and formulate alternative arrangement of the centers of the new activities. The study was conducted through descriptive analysis, Schallogram method, the Spatial Gravitation Model and TOPSIS. Schallogram analysis is used to analyze the hierarchy level of service. The Gravity Model is used to analyze the interaction between the regions. TOPSIS analysis is used to identify priority areas and new growth centers. This study analyzed data on the volume of vehicles, facilities area, population, road length, road network maps, and spatial plan (RTRW). The areas in the city center had the highest traffic density and the highest hierarchical. While suburban areas tend to have the lowest hierarchy. Based on the results of gravity model analysis, the areas with the highest attraction located in the city center and extends along the corridor to the north and the south. While the production area spread around the suburbs. Based on the analysis TOPSIS recommend new growth centers, namely Margajaya, Cimahpar, and Bojongkerta.

The road network is one of the supporting economic activities that lead to the improvement of people's lives. Tana Toraja district has 166 roads with a total length of 1,252.0 km that most (74.24 %) are in poor condition. This is due to the policy regarding budget constraints, consequently all roads can not be handled entirely, thus requiring priority road network that need to be addressed for the future development of the region. This study uses schallogram analysis to identify areas which become service center for its hinterland and methods of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to obtain stakeholders views on the priority factor in selecting a network path will be handled. The results showed 2 districts are service centers (Hierarchy I), 5 districts are service sub-centers (Hierarchy II), and 12 districts are hinterland (Hierarchy III). AHP analysis obtained from the priority road network selection based on potential tourist attraction. So that the road network can be prioritized are: 1).

The incidence of fires in the city of Sidoarjo in the last 5 years has increased. The main causes of the majority of fires were settlement activities and weeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of fire protection facilities and infrastructure services in the urban settlements of Sidoarjo City based on Minister of Public Works Regulation No.20 / PRT / M / 2009 concerning Technical Guidelines for Fire Protection Management. The study area consisted of Sidoarjo District, Candi District and Buduran District. The research approach used is descriptive evaluative research. The results showed that the level of fire protection facilities and infrastructure services in the city of Sidoarjo was still 48%, it needed an increase in the aspects of the completeness of the Fire Extinguishers building, the availability of fire stations and hydrants as well as increasing community participation.

The big potential of Cirebon Regency with good transportation access and demography bonus is able to promote its regional development. Not all of the potential has been optimized to invite investment in Cirebon Regency. One of the causes is some of the lands haven't been registered, so that obstructs investment that requires land. We explore the spatial relationship between the regional development level and land transaction pattern. We calculate the entropy diversification index to see the level of regional development. We also interpolate the land transaction to see the spatial pattern. The natural neighbor interpolation method was used to show spatial patterns of land transactions. Then, we overlay the map of the entropy index and land transaction pattern map to see the relationship spatially. Land transactions in Cirebon Regency gathered in a very developed and developing region. Districts of Palimanan, Depok, Plumbon, Weru, and Plered that are categorized very developed have more quantity of transactions and land transaction value than the undeveloped area. Pasaleman district has Kecamatan Depok, has the smallest entropy index, and categorized as undeveloped has a lower number and value of land transactions. We found a similar spatial pattern between the regional level of development and land transaction interpolation.