Background: Kidney transplantation is the best method of treatment for improvement of renal functions in patients with end-stage renal failure. The main aims of patient education following renal transplantation are to help patients acquire the knowledge, required activities and practices for daily living without problem and to help patients cope with physiological and psychosocial problems. Aim: evaluate the effect of protocol of care on self care practice of patients post renal transplantation operation. Setting: the study was carried out in out patient's clinics of nephrology center at