Optimal locations for public facilities such as public parks are significant issues in the urban planning of Larkana city. Therefore, specifically, Larkana city of Pakistan is selected as the study area where the land suitability model was applied to determine suitable land for public parks. This study was carried out within the framework of an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a multi-criteria evaluation approach by integrating it with the Geographic Information System (GIS). Decision support system software called Expert choice 11.5 was used to calculate the weights based on three alternative scenarios. Computed composite weights were inserted into the spatial analysis function of GIS and produced three scenarios of suitability maps, i.e.: (a) land availability, (b) land value and (c) population density. Hence, based on the analysis and findings made in this research, finding suitable locations using the land suitability model for future park development is highly helpful. Results can be useful in the planning of public facilities and future land use planning in Larkana city. Keywords: GIS, AHP, Expert choice, Land suitability, Optimal locations 1. Introduction A built environment represents a high level of interference in the ecological system, changing the landscape and intervening with natural processes permanently. Parks are classified into two major categories, such as provision of recreation, services to society and conservation of natural values (Maruani and Amit-Cohen, 2007). Keeping in view, parks and green spaces control the rising temperature in urban areas and provide a healthy urban environment (Barbosa et al. 2007). In addition, less attention is paid to protect the urban parks (Thompson, 2002) and their sustainability (Chiesura, 2003). Uncontrolled human activities have increased tremendously. As a result, the existing parks and open spaces are encroached into a built environment in developing countries like Pakistan's cities (Adeel, 2010). Hence, the main objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate the existing public parks in Lankana City by finding the most suitable site to locate the public park based on an integrated GIS multi-criteria evaluation technique. There are various methods used in GIS in evaluating land suitability, e.g. Murrey, 2003 applied a location model; Graymore et al., 2009, produced an index of regional sustainability spatial decision support system; Saaty, R.W., 2003 and Abadi, 2007, used an analytic network process; and Mohit and Ali, 2006 integrated an analytic hierarchy process with GIS. In this study, a GIS-based AHP was used to determine land suitability for parks, which has been a very useful method over the years. GIS plays a vital role in planning for many decades of land-use suitability mapping and modelling (Malczewski, 2004 and Malczewski, 2006). This paper addresses a scientific approach to determine suitable land for healthy urban development. This www.ccsenet.org/mas Modern Applied Science Vol. 5, No. 4; August 2011 ISSN 1913-1844 E-...

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The 3D Tiles specification, created by Cesium, is designed for streaming massive heterogeneous three-dimensional (3D) geospatial datasets online using WebGL technology. The program has prevailed in the WebGIS community due to its ability to visualise, interact, and style 3D objects for various scenarios, such as 3D cities, indoor environments, and point clouds. It offers a new opportunity to integrate Building Information Models (BIM) in the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) data format with existing geospatial data in a 3D WebGIS platform with open-source implementation. As no open-source solution for converting IFC models into 3D Tiles for online visualization had yet been found, this paper explores feasible approaches and integrates a range of tools and libraries as an open-source solution for the community.

The utilization of urban underground space (UUS) offers an effective solution to urban problems but may also negatively affect urban development. Therefore, UUS development needs better concerted guidelines to coordinate various urban systems and the multiple components of the underground world. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which should be viewed as important yardsticks for UUS development, do not explicitly mention urban underground space, although many of them are affected by both the positive and negative consequences of its development. To fill this gap, this review lays the foundations of relevant UUS concepts and uses exemplary cases to reveal that 11 out of 17 SDGs can be linked with UUS uses. These linkages also manifest that land administration, integrated planning, architectural design, and construction technology are critical dimensions for increasing the contributions of UUS to the realization of SDGs. To achieve multi-disciplinary synergies among these four critical dimensions, a collaborative approach framework based on spatial data infrastructure is required. Thus, this work provides academics and practitioners with a holistic view of sustainable UUS development.

One of the ubiquitous human behaviours observed in natural disasters and humanitarian crisis is irrational stockpiling (also known as hoarding or panic buying). Limited, distorted and exaggerated information during crisis disturbs people’s judgement and results in aberrant actions which can be explained with economics and psychology theories. The objective of this paper is to examine the perplexing stockpiling phenomena during disasters like COVID-19 pandemic and discuss its immediate and long-term impact on economy, society and local communities.