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In the title compound, C9H8N2, a mirror plane lies perpendicular to the phenyl and imidazole rings and passes through the bridging C—C bond, so that the imidazole ring is disordered over two sites about the mirror plane with the equal site occupancy; the asymmetric unit contains one half-mol­ecule. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are linked via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

The importance of N⋯X halogen bonding in a series of N-(5-halo-2-pyridinyl)pyrazine-2-carboxamides has been investigated by different methods.

Funding informationResearch Council of Shahid Beheshti University β-Cyclodextrin decorated with palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs@β-CD) without pretreatment led to a suitable catalyst for the biaryls synthesis in water. A simple and straightforward method was developed for the preparation of PdNPs@β-CD as a green catalyst. The prepared catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) measurements. It was found that PdNPs@β-CD exhibits high performance in Ullmann, Suzuki and Hiyama coupling reactions.