Salvadora persica is the most used medicinal shrub in the Arab world. This experiment was conducted to evaluate seedling performance at different rates of NPK. Seedlings were treated with N:P:K at 4:2:2 (N:P:K 2:2:2 g + 2 g of nitrogen supplemented as ammonium sulfate), 6:3:3 (N:P:K 3:3:3 g + 3 g of nitrogen supplemented as ammonium sulfate), 2:1:1S (N:P:K 1:1:1 g + 1 g of nitrogen supplemented as ammonium sulfate), 2:1:1U (N:P:K 1:1:1 g + 1 g of nitrogen supplemented as urea), 4:1:1S (N:P:K 1:1:1 g + 3 g of nitrogen supplemented as ammonium sulfate), 4:1:1U (N:P:K 1:1:1 g + 3 g of nitrogen supplemented as urea), 6:1:1S (N:P:K 1:1:1 g + 5 g of nitrogen supplemented as ammonium sulfate), 6:1:1U (N:P:K 1:1:1 g + 5 g of nitrogen supplemented as urea) in addition to the control. The results indicated that NPK application significantly affected the vegetative and root growth parameters and the chemical contents. Among the various treatments of NPK, the application of 6:3:3 rates showed the highest values for aboveground parts, root parameters, and greenness level. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the optimum NPK levels that can enhance seedling growth throughout the nursery period.

Egypt on vegetative growth and oil productivity in addition to oil components of (Corianderum sativum L.). Four sowing dates were 1 st and 15 th October, 1 st and 15 th November. Application of compost was carried out at four levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 m 3 /feddan). Results showed that sowing dates affected on growth of coriander. and the interaction between sowing date at 1 th November and 20 m 3 /feddan of compost highest meaningful values of vegetative growth, yield metrics, and increased volatile oil percentage in both seasons, whereas unfertilized with sown in 15 th November showed the lowest significant values in the both seasons. Coriander oil had 31 different components, according to by GC-MS analysis of essential oil. For plants cultivated under all treatments, linalool was discovered to be the primary ingredient with the highest proportion obtained in oil sample. In addition to the other important components were (Geranyl acetate, γ-Terpinene and α-Pinene).

The current study was aimed to investigate the effect of different fertilization and biostimulant treatments on growth and flowering of Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv. Jaguar Yellow) plant under unheated plastic greenhouse conditions. This study was carried out for two successive seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 at the farm of the Arid lands Agriculture graduated studies and Research Institute (ALARI), Shoubra Elkheima area, Qalyobia governorate, Egypt. The experiment were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications, and the end results have been subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Freshly extracted gerbera seedling have been planted into pots filled with peatmoss + sand (1:1), peatmoss + sand + vermicompost (1:1:1), peatmoss + sand + compost (1:1:1) with or without 250ml of Azotobacter + Azospirllum mixture, as biostimulant, and slow-release NPK (4.2g) or fast-release NPK (2.5g) fertilizers to each plant, to determine the effect of fertilizer, biostimulant and growing medium types on the production of potted gerbera. Growth and flowering characteristics were measured. Results indicated that medium combination of sand + vermicompost + peatmoss (1:1:1) with biostimulant, regardless of the fertilizer type, gave significantly increased results in all measurements, compared to all other combinations. Plants grown in medium supplemented with biostimulant and fast-release fertilizer, gave flowers with good qualities While the medium combination sand + vermicompost + peatmoss (1:1:1) with biostimulant in combination with either one of NPK mineral fertilizers (fast-release fertilizer and slow release fertilizer) gave significantly increased results in most parameters, shown in higher total vegetarian and quality when combined with slow release fertilizer than fast-release fertilizer. Under this treatment, number of leaves per plant was (24.8), number of daughter plants/pot (5.3/plant), Leaf greenness (SPAD) (59.00), number of flower (1.28), flower head diameter (8.3 cm) and flower stalk diameter was (2.72 mm). These records were all significantly higher than other treatments.

Doum palm Hyphaene thebaica Mart is a very important natural flora in the Egyptian territory. It is integrated in food, drink and medicine of the Egyptian population. Seeds germination faces difficulties due to hardness and viability. The fruit (a date) is edible, the foliage is also used for local crafts, the stems for construction purposes, and the roots for phytomedicine, mainly for the treatment of bilharziasis. This study tried different priming methods after removal hard kernel. First treatment; nontreated as direct plantation (control). Second; Cold water (tap water for 48 hours), third; freezing storage in Deep-freezer at-18°C for 12 hours then immersed in 60°C water for 1 hour, fourth; hot water at 60°C  5 for 3 hours then left till gradually cooled, fifth; soaking seeds in a solution of gibberellic acid 200 ppm for 48 hours, sixth; Soaking seeds in 3% solution of KNO3 for 48 hours, seventh; soaking seeds in diluted sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at 30% for 15 minutes. Data collected were germination percentage %, roots length, root diameter, root fresh and dry weight, root dry weight, seedling length, wide of leaf, Fresh and dry weight of above ground parts. Freezing followed by hot water gave the highest seed germination % (90%) followed by KNO3 (80%). The lowest germination % was obtained from non-treated control and cold water in a range between 45-65%. Cold water treatment gave significant increase in root fresh weight in both seasons when compared to other treatment. Freezing and cold water treatment gave significant increase in plant height in both seasons when compared to other treatments. Moreover, the effect of various priming treatment demonstrated significant effect on characteristics of young growing seedling. The best performance obtained from seeds treated with cold water and freezing treatment. Thus, treating Doum palm seeds after removal of hard kernel with freezing at-18 for 12 hours followed by immersing seed in hot water at 60°C for one hour.

Background Female genital mutilation refers to a variety of operation on the private parts of women and young girls that involves partial or total removal of the external genitalia. This practice cause, injury to female genital organs for cultural or non-therapeutic reason (WHO, 2010). The aim of the current study is to identify the opinion of women regarding prohibition and criminalization of female genital cutting (FGC). Design: A descriptive study design was used. The sample a number of 240 women were selected from two medical health centers located in Menoufia governorate. Tools of this study included a structured interview questionnaire. The results of the present study revealed that more than two third (66.9 %) of the study sample were against prohibition and criminalization of female circumcision and only 33.1 % agreed that it should be prohibited and criminalized. It was concluded that the majority of the study sample didn't agree with the law that prohibited and criminalized female genital cutting and intended to circumcise their daughters. Recommendation, it is recommended that Outreach program must be designed to reach rural and remote areas residents to correct their concepts about female genital cutting