Routines for breastmilk handling differ among the 36 neonatal units in Sweden. New guidelines can standardize the handling of human milk, thereby improving nutrition and minimizing the risk of breastmilk-induced infection in the preterm infant.

This study supports that CMV transmission through breast milk can aggravate the clinical course in extremely preterm infants with preexisting hepatic conditions.

No abstract

Routine freezing of all MM did not affect the rate of CMV transmission but may help to prevent fungal sepsis in EPT infants. This observation merits further investigation.