Background and Aims:Video Stylet (VS) is a new intubating modality that provides real-time video of endotracheal intubation (ETI). This device does not need alignment of the oral, pharyngeal and tracheal axes to view glottis and can be used in patients with limited mouth opening. The aim of this study was to compare flexible fibre-optic (FO) bronchoscope with VS in elective surgical patients in apparently normal airway patients requiring oral ETI.Methods:Sixty patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia of age group 20–60 years, weight 40–70 kg, American Society of Anesthesiologist 1 and 2 and modified Mallampatti I and II were included in the study. Patients in group FO (n = 30) were intubated by flexible FO bronchoscope, whereas patients in group VS (n = 30) were intubated by VS. Primary outcome measure was time taken for intubation (TTI). Secondary outcome measures were successful intubation, haemodynamic response and post-operative complications if any.Results:Average TTI in cases of FO group was 38.2 s (95% confidence interval [CI] 36–41) and in VS group was 19.7 s (95% CI 19–21; P = 0.0001). Three patients required a second attempt for successful intubation in FO group compared to eight in VS group (P = 0.2), with no failures in any group. Haemodynamic response and complications rate were greater in VS group; however, the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusion:VS takes lesser time to intubate than flexible FO bronchoscope.

Brain tumor image segmentation is a play a vital role in the medical field or medical processing. Patient treatment with brain tumors is the significant level determine on early-stage detection of these tumors. Early stage detection of Brain Tumors will enhance the patient lives. The disease of brain tumors by a neurologist frequently uses a manual image segmentation that is a hard and time-consuming process, because of necessary automatic image segmentation. Nowadays, automatic image segmentation is very popular and can solve the issue of tumor brain image segmentation with better performance. The main motive of this research work is to provide a survey of MRI image based brain tumor segmentation techniques. There are various existing study papers, focusing on new techniques for Reasonable Magnetic Image-based brain tumor image segmentation. The main problem is considered a complicated process, because of the variability of tumor area of the complexity of determining the tumor position, size, shape and texture. In this research work, mainly worked on interference method, feature extraction, morphological operators, edge detection methods of gray level and Swarm Ant Lion Optimization based on brain tumor shape growing segmentation to optimize the image complexity and enhance the performance. In new algorithm implemented an inspiring nature method for segmentation of brain tumor image using hybridization of PSOA and ALO is also called a Swarm Ant Lion method. Evaluate the performance metrics with image quality factor (PSNR), Error Rate (MSE), and Exact value (Accuracy Rate). In research work, improve the performance metrics with PSNR and Accuracy Rate and reduce the error rates and compared with the existing method (PNN)

A bstract Introduction Sepsis leads to left and/or right ventricular systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction resulting in adverse outcomes. Myocardial dysfunction can be diagnosed by echocardiography (ECHO) and early intervention can be planned. There are lacunae in Indian literature regarding the true incidence of septic cardiomyopathy and its influence on the outcome of patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and methods This prospective observational study was conducted on patients consecutively admitted with sepsis to the ICU of a tertiary care hospital in North India. In these patients, ECHO was performed after 48–72 hours to establish left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, in whom the ICU outcome was analyzed. Result The incidence of LV dysfunction was 14%. About 42.86% of patients had isolated systolic dysfunction, 7.14% of patients had isolated diastolic dysfunction, and 50.00% of patients had combined LV systolic and diastolic dysfunctions. The average days of mechanical ventilation in patients without LV dysfunction group (group I) was 2.41 ± 3.82 days as compared to 4.43 ± 4.27 days in patients with LV dysfunction (group II) ( p = 0.034). Incidence of all-cause ICU mortality was 11 (12.79%) in group I and 3 (21.43%) in group II ( p = 0.409). The mean duration of stay in ICU was 8.26 ± 4.41 days in group I as compared to 13.21 ± 6.83 days in group II. Conclusion We concluded that sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) in ICU is quite prevalent and clinically significant. All-cause ICU mortality and length of ICU stay are prolonged in patients with SICM. How to cite this article Bansal S, Varshney S, Shrivastava A. A Prospective Observational Study to Determine Incidence and Outcome of Sepsis-induced Cardiomyopathy in an Intensive Care Unit. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(7):798–803.

A bstract Sphingobacterium spiritivorum is a rare cause of human infections worldwide. After reviewing the literature, we could find only eight case reports to date. The majority of cases were of cellulitis and septicemia. Most of these patients were immunocompromised and the recovery rate was lesser. We present a case of a young female diagnosed with scrub typhus complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome who developed septicemia and septic shock due to S. spiritivorum . She was managed with sensitive antibiotic levofloxacin, clinically improved, and discharged in satisfactory condition. How to cite this article Bansal S, Varshney S. Scrub Typhus Complicated by Rare Human Pathogen Sphingobacterium spiritivorum. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(6):742–744.