BackgroundMalnutrition is a major risk factor for the development of tuberculosis (TB). In India, Melghat is among the tribal regions which consist of highest number of malnutrition cases. Because of the paucity of TB data from these malnourished areas there is an urgent need for the development and evaluation of improved TB diagnostic tests. In the present study, three in house developed diagnostic tests namely TB-Ag(antigen) ELISA, Adenosine deaminase (ADA) estimation and IS6110 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay were investigated for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb.) infection.MethodsFor investigation, blood samples were collected from 128 study subjects from six villages of Melghat tribal area and evaluated using three in house developed assays, namely TB-Ag ELISA, ADA estimation and IS6110 PCR.ResultsThe TB-Ag ELISA method yielded 83% sensitivity and 94% specificity. The ADA and PCR assay gave a sensitivity of 61% and 49% and specificity of 62% and 98% respectively. A considerable good agreement of 82.81% (k=0.472) between TB-Ag ELISA and PCR was observed. The overall sensitivity of TB-Ag ELISA was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the ADA and PCR while PCR yielded highest specificity among all the three evaluated tests.ConclusionsWe concluded that the routine use of TB-Ag ELISA can be useful for screening of suspected TB patients in the malnourished population where sophisticated laboratory set up is difficult.

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Social Media Platforms involve not millions but billions of users around the globe. Interactions on these easily available social media sites like Twitter have a huge impact on people. Nowadays, there is undesirable negative impact for daily life. These hugely used major platforms of communication have now become a great source of dispersing unwanted data and irrelevant information, Twitter being one of the most extravagant social media platform in our times, the topmost popular microblogging services is now used as a weapon to share unethical, unreasonable amount of opinions, media. In this proposed work the dishonouring comments, tweets towards people are categorized into 9 types. The tweets are further classifies into one of these types or non-shaming tweets towards people. Observation says out of the multitude of taking an interested clients who posts remarks on a specific occasion, lions share are probably going to modify the person in question. Moreover, it is not the nonshaming devotee who checks the increment quicker but of shaming in twitter.

Abstract-Diabetic retinopathy is major eye complications produced by the diabetes mellitus, which causes other problems such as stroke, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy consequences in visual conflicts and can lead to permanent blindness. Therefore, a regular diabetic retinopathy screening is essential for early treatment, along with an effective risk factor management to overcome the diabetic complications and reduce morbidity and mortality influence. In this paper we perform the digital image processing techniques to extract the retinal blood vessels. This algorithm is tested on STARE database.

Social Media Platforms involve not millions but billions of users around the globe. Interactions on these easily available social media sites like Twitter have a huge impact on people. Nowadays, there is undesirable negative impact for daily life. These hugely used major platforms of communication have now become a great source of dispersing unwanted data and irrelevant information, Twitter being one of the most extravagant social media platform in our times, the topmost popular microblogging services is now used as a weapon to share unethical, unreasonable amount of opinions, media. In this proposed work the dishonouring comments, tweets towards people are categorized into 9 types. The tweets are further classifies into one of these types or non-shaming tweets towards people. Observation says out of the multitude of taking an interested clients who posts remarks on a specific occasion, lions share are probably going to modify the person in question. Moreover, it is not the nonshaming devotee who checks the increment quicker but of shaming in twitter.