Introduction/Aim Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon compounds and is a leading cause of poising throughout the world. The objective of this paper is to analyze 5 cases of acute carbon monoxide poisoning in petroleum industry workers, occupying a shared accommodation and to present diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. Case report the workers had to be treated by the emergency medical service during the night for health problems arising from carbon monoxide inhalation from a faulty installation. Venous blood samples were collected to measure the concentration of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and gas analyses were done upon admission and 120 minutes later. They were treated with parenteral therapy and oxygen by mask, and they made a complete recovery. Conclusion Faulty installation of a gas-powered heating system caused acute carbon monoxide poisoning in 5 people occupying the space. After 120 minutes in a closed environment, the carbon monoxide concentration was high enough to cause a significant increase of COHb in the venous blood. Prompt diagnosis and adequate therapy are crucial to ensure a favorable treatment outcome. Preventive measures, such as educating workers and introducing health and safety measures into the work environment are extremely important in preventing accidents such as these.

Др Соња Перичевић-Медић, лекар специјалиста медицине рада, Дом здравља Нови Сад. 2 Проф. др сц. мед. Иван Миков, лекар специјалиста медицине рада, Завод за здравствену заштиту радника и Медицински факултет Нови Сад. 3 Прим. мр сц. мед. др Бранко Миличевић, лекар специјалиста пнеумофтизиологије и клиничке патофизиологије, Завод за здравствену заштиту радника, Нови Сад. 4 Доц. др сц. мед. Мирјана Главашки Краљевић, лекар специјалиста медицине рада, Завод за здравствену заштиту радника и Медицински факултет Нови Сад. 5 Прим. мр сц. мед. др Јагода Црепуља, лекар специјалиста медицине рада, Завод за здравствену заштиту радника, Нови Сад. 6 Асист. др Милорад Шпановић, Завод за здравствену заштиту радника и Медицински факултет Нови Сад.

Background/Aim: The importance of occupational diseases is due to their influence on workers' quality of life and significant socioeconomic problems for the health sector, employers and the state. Occupational diseases are generally not curable but are preventable diseases, so it is extremely important to develop a good system of detection, registration and prevention. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the occupational incidence analysis. Aim of this study was to assess the incidence of occupational diseases in the Republic of Srpska. Methods: The research was conducted as a cross-sectional study based on the obtained data on occupational diseases in the Republic of Srpska for ten years (from 2011 to 2021). Results: In the observed period, 12 cases of occupational diseases were registered in the Republic of Srpska and the incidence was less than 1/100,000 per year. Occupational diseases were diagnosed in: - agriculture, forestry and fishing; - construction and - healthcare and social welfare. Conclusion: The study showed a low incidence of occupational disease and it was observed that certain industrial sectors were particularly undervalued. The current situation regarding occupational diseases in the Republic of Srpska requires an urgent response from the occupational medicine services and the state. It is necessary to initiate procedures as soon as possible to ensure uniformity in the criteria of diagnosis and records of occupational diseases and revision of the list of occupational diseases by the International Labour Organisation. In the future, it is necessary to conduct additional and more detailed research in the field of occupational diseases.