This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. pISSN 2383-7837 eISSN 2383-7845Digital pathology (DP) is now one of the biggest issues facing the field of pathology. DP is a remarkable innovation that changes the paradigm of microscope-based pathology, which has existed for over 100 years. DP alters the way diagnostic tools represent pathologic images from the microscope to the computer screen and has changed storage media from glass slides to digitalized image files. Digitalized pathologic images stored in computer servers or cloud systems can be transmitted over the Internet, thus changing the temporal and spatial domain of pathologic diagnosis. In addition, machine learning allows software assisting in diagnosis to be developed and applied more actively and effectively.This review describes various concepts related to DP and computer-aided pathologic diagnosis (CAPD), current applications of DP, and various issues related to the implementation of DP. It also briefly introduces the development of computer-aided diagnostic tools and their limitations. DIGITAL PATHOLOGY AND COMPUTER-AIDED PATHOLOGYDP, which initially delineated the process of digitizing whole slide images (WSIs) using advanced slide scanning technology, is now a generic term that includes artificial intelligence (AI)based approaches for detection, segmentation, diagnosis, and analysis of digitalized images [1]. WSI indicates digital representation of an entire histopathologic glass slide at microscopic resolution [2]. Over the last two decades, WSI technology has evolved to encompass relatively high resolution, increased scanner capacity, faster scan speed, smaller image file sizes, and commercialization. The development of appropriate image management systems (IMS) and a seamless interface connection between existing hospital systems such as electronic medical records (EMR), picture archiving communication systems (PACS), and laboratory information systems (LIS) (also referred to as the pathol-Introduction to digital pathology and computer-aided pathology Digital pathology (DP) is no longer an unfamiliar term for pathologists, but it is still difficult for many pathologists to understand the engineering and mathematics concepts involved in DP. Computer-aided pathology (CAP) aids pathologists in diagnosis. However, some consider CAP a threat to the existence of pathologists and are skeptical of its clinical utility. Implementation of DP is very burdensome for pathologists because technical factors, impact on workflow, and information technology infrastructure must be considered. In this paper, various terms related to DP and computer-aided pathologic diagnosis are defined, current applications of DP are discussed, and various issues related to implementation of DP are outlined. The developmen...