This study evaluates color change of the enamel lesion before and after resin infiltration and after thermocycling (TC) in order to assess clinical usefulness of resin infiltrant in restoring esthetics of incipient enamel caries lesions. Twenty‐five healthy premolars were prepared and crown portions were vertically cut. Specimens were emerged in acryl blocks with relatively flat proximal surface facing outside. Specimens were put in decalcification solution (50 mM acetic acid solution, 3 mM CaCl2·H2O, 3 mM KH2PO4, 6 µM methylhydroxydiphosphonate, pH 4.95, 37°C), and were kept for 160 h, in order to make white spot lesions on the exposed enamel. Degree of decalcification was observed with microscope and nine specimens were excluded because of inadequate decalcification (n = 41). L*, a*, and b* were measured with colorimeter at the baseline (T1), after production of white spot lesions (T2), after infiltration of resin infiltrants (ICON®, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) (T3), after 3000 (T4), 6000 (T5), and 10,000 cycles (T6) of TC. L* was highest at T2, but significantly decreased until T6 which was the closest value to T1 (P < 0.05). a* was highest at T2 and decreased gradually until T6, whereas b* was lowest at T2 and was highest at T3 and decreased gradually until T6. Δ Eab * less than 3.7 showed between T1 and T4, between T1 and T5, and between T1 and T6, which suggested that it was hard to differentiate one from the other clinically. Resin infiltrated lesions showed recovery of CIE value close to that of healthy enamel over time. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 506–510, 2014

The concept of revascularization of necrotic pulps regained interest and became an alternative conservative treatment option for young permanent teeth with immature roots. Revascularization of immature teeth with apical periodontitis depends mainly on disinfection of the canal. Since the infection of the root canal system is considered to be polymicrobial, a combination of drugs would be needed to treat the diverse flora. A triple antibiotic mixture of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline was used as an intracanal medicament. However, discoloration was developed after applying the triple antibiotic mixture. It is believed that the marked discoloration is related to the use of minocycline. The aim of this article was to present cases of coronal discoloration after triple antibiotic therapy in immature tooth and was treated with bleaching technique to control coronal discoloration. In conclusion, revascularization by using triple antibiotics promotes a paradigm shift in treating endodontically involved permanent teeth. However, we should understand that triple antibiotics containing minocycline induces tooth discoloration. Further research to prevent coronal discoloration should be investigated and suggested for the safe use of triple antibiotics.

To date, there have been three reported cases of bilateral ovarian pregnancy including the case reported here. As infertility has increased, so has the use of assisted reproductive techniques and in turn, the incidence of rare forms of ectopic pregnancy. The authors report a 32-year-old woman who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and was shown to have an ectopic pregnancy through pelvic ultrasonography and serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin. She was unsuccessfully treated medically (methotrexate single dose injection) and an emergency laparoscopy was subsequently performed. The laparoscopic finding was that both fallopian tubes appeared normal but a bilateral ovarian pregnancy was confirmed. Resection of the ectopic tissue was performed. Of the published cases of bilateral ovarian pregnancy, this is the only case managed laparoscopically. This case is of clinical significance as preserving as much ovarian tissue as possible is key in preserving fertility and promoting a quick recovery.

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Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a rare X-linked genetic disorder associated with various central nervous system problems and adrenal insufficiency. It is common in childhood and symptoms include loss of previously acquired neurological abilities, seizures, ataxia, Addison's disease as well as degeneration of visual and auditory function. These children frequently require anesthesia during imagining procedure such as MRI or during some surgical procedures like gastrostomy. There is special need for careful management because of numerous anesthetic challenges like difficulty in cooperation, seizure disorders, life-threatening airway obstruction, copious oral secretion and possibility of aspiration. In addition, adrenal involvement and hypofunction must be considered for safe anesthesia management. We report a successful anesthetic management in a patient with ALD for dental procedures. (JKDSA 2010; 10: 45～49)