INTRODUCTION:The correction of the gingival recession is of esthetical and functional significance, but the tissue regeneration can only be confirmed by a histological examination.AIM:This study aims to make a comparison between the free gingival graft and the autograft.MATERIAL AND METHODS:This study included 24 patients with single and multiple gingival recessions. Twelve patients were treated with a free gingival graft and the other twelve with a micrograft. Six months after the surgical procedure, a micro-punch biopsy of the transplantation area was performed. The tissue was histologically evaluated, graded in 4 categories: immature, mature, fragmented and edematous collagen tissue. The elastic fibres were also examined and graded in three categories: with a normal structure, fragmented rare and fragmented multiplied.RESULTS:Regarding the type of collagen tissue that was present, there was a significant difference between the two groups of patients, with a larger number of patients treated with a micrograft showing a presence of mature tissue, compared to the patients treated with a free gingival graft. A larger number of patients in both of the groups displayed elastic fibres with a rare fragmented structure; 33.3% of the patients showed a normal structure; 50% demonstrated a normal structure.CONCLUSION:The patients treated with a free gingival graft showed a larger presence of fragmented collagen tissue and fragmented elastic fibres, whereas a mature tissue was predominantly present in the surgical area where a Geistlich Mucograft was placed.

AbstractIntroduction: One of the most important types of microorganisms in the oral cavity in both healthy and non-healthy individuals is Fusobacterium nucleatum. Although present as a normal resident in the oral cavity, this Gram-negative pathogen is dominant in periodontal disease and it is involved in many invasive infections in the population, acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, as well as many adverse events with a fatal outcome.Aim: To determine the role of F. nucleatum in the development of polymicrobial biofilms thus pathogenic changes in and out of the oral media.Material and method: A systematic review of the literature concerning the determination and role of F. nucleatum through available clinical trials, literature reviews, original research and articles published electronically at Pub Med and Google Scholar.Conclusion: The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum is commonly associated with the health status of individuals. These anaerobic bacteria plays a key role in oral pathological conditions and has been detected in many systemic disorders causing complex pathogenethic changes probably due to binding ability to various cells thus several virulence mechanisms.Most common diseases and conditions in the oral cavity associated with F.nucleatum are gingivitis (G), chronic periodontitis (CH), aggressive periodontitis (AgP), endo-periodental infections (E-P), chronic apical periodontitis (PCHA). The bacterium has been identified and detected in many systemic disorders such as coronary heart disease (CVD) pathological pregnancy (P); polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), high-risk pregnancy (HRP), colorectal cancer (CRC); pre-eclampsia (PE); rheumatoid arthritis (RA); osteoarthritis (OA).

OBJECTIVE:To compare the therapeutic effects of the application of doxycycline-full dose (100 mg) and sub-dose (20 mg) in the treatment of periodontal disease.MATERIAL AND METHODS:A total of 60 patients with periodontal disease were examined. Patients are divided into two groups: A) treated with antimicrobial dose of 100 mg doxycycline once daily for 30 days, and B) treated with 2 x 20 mg/day. doxycycline, during 75 days. Among all patients a conservative treatment was carried out and ordinated the proper dose doxycycline in total dose during treatment from 3 gr. Index of dental plaque by Löe-Sillness, index of gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding by Cowell were followed.RESULTS:Values of dental plaque in relation first examination, 10th, 20th day, 1 month and 2.5 months, showed that after 2.5 months, average value (x = 0.83) of dental plaque in second group is slightly less than the value (x = 0.93) of dental plaque in the first group. The average value (x = 0.17) of gingival inflammation in second group is significantly less than the value (x = 0.50) of gingival inflammation in the first group. The average value (x = 0.97) of gingival bleeding in patients from the first group was significantly higher than value(x = 0.37) of gingival bleeding in the second group.CONCLUSION:Patients whose therapy was helped by a sub-dose doxycycline demonstrated positive therapeutic effects on gingival inflammation and bleeding.

BACKGROUND: Management of bone periodontal defects, destruction, and loss of the alveolar bone is considered a challenge for modern periodontal regeneration and implant dentistry. Numerous of biomaterials are being used in periodontal regenerative treatment. AIM: This study aims to know the characteristics of biomaterials and their efficiency in periodontal surgical treatment as regenerative therapy. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature considering reviews, clinical studies, original papers, and articles from electronic data has been used. RESULTS: Different biomaterials such as Straumann® Emdogain®, Geistlich Bio-Oss®, MIS 4MATRIX – Bone Graft, Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), Mis Bone-4MATRIX, and PRF are being used for periodontal regeneration treatment, hence revealing more effective outcomes when combined. PRP together with conventional grafting procedures may be a beneficial treatment approach, guided tissue regeneration with bioabsorbable membranes in combination with Bio-Oss are stable on a long-term basis. CONCLUSION: Biomaterials being used in periodontal surgical treatment have the different regenerative ability. The combined use of biomaterials might result in a better clinical outcome. There are also a number of other biomaterials used to treat periodontal regeneration, but generally all have the same ability and the same molecular structure as highlighted in this literature review.

To monitor blood triglyceride (TRG) values in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chron- ic periodontitis (CP) after conservative therapy (scaling and root planning – SRP) with and without laser light ap- plication (low-level laser therapy – LLLT). A total of 120 pa- tients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diagnosed chronic periodontitis (CP), where the clinical attachment loss (CAL) is ≥4 mm on at least 50% of the affected teeth, were followed. The patients were 35 – 60 years, distribut- ed in three groups A, B and C, 40 in each group. Group A consisted of patients with T2DM and CHP, where conserva- tive periodontal treatment was carried out, supplemented with laser therapy (i.e. T2DM + CP – SRP and LLLT). Group B, where T2DM and CP were diagnosed, consisted of patients treated only with SRP, without application of laser light without laser therapy (i.e. T2DM+ CP – SRP without LLLT). The group C consisted of patients diagnosed with CP, but without T2DM. In all subjects, the values of triglycerides in blood were determined with standard procedure, and then mathematically calculated. The values of TRG in blood in the group A, and the group C after 6 weeks of therapy are significantly lower than the values at the first examination. In the group B the value of TRG in blood after 6 weeks of therapy is in- significantly lower than the value at the first examination. In the group A, the value of TRG in blood after 3 months of therapy and in the group B is insignificantly lower than the value at the first examination in patients. After 3 months of therapy in the group C, the registered value is significantly lower than the value at the first examination. The blood TRG value in the group A 3 months after the therapy is insignificantly higher than the value after 6 weeks of therapy. In the group B and the group C blood TRG value is insignificantly lower than the value at six weeks after therapy. At patients with and without T2DM and CP, regardless of whether they were treated with SRP and LLLT or with SRP, without LLLT, a significant correction of blood TRG was recorded after 6 weeks, and insignificant after 3 months of treatment. SRP and LLLT treat- ment showed the highest effect in the group of patients without T2DM and CP.