In children, balance develops in everyday activities through play and exercise. It is essential for learning, and participation in educational work and physical activities. The aim of the study was to evaluate the balance abilities of younger children with typical development and children with moderate intellectual disability. The survey was conducted on a sample of 38 male children (23 with typical development and 15 with moderate intellectual disability). To assess the balance we used Bruininks - Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition - BOT 2 (Bruininks & Bruininks, 2005), subtest 5. Results show that total average achievement of children with typical development at all the tasks was 31.07, and 11.34 for children with intellectual disability. Statistically significant difference was achieved on 6 of 9 tasks (p <0.05). Compared to the norms, children with typical development are within the average, while respondents with moderate intellectual disabilities are below average on balance test. Obtained results of this study, can be used as a basis for further research in the field of (special) education and rehabilitation. They can be used to create programs of preventive and corrective work in order to support and assist students in school activities, also.

The development of speech and language culture of pre-school children is one of important ( if not the most important ) tasks of preschool education. The paper contains the results of research on pronunciation of preschool children realized on a sample of 243 children aged 3 to 7 years, of which 119 children of pre-school preparatory program. We have presented a standardized test of articulation. Research has highlighted the particular importance of early treatment of disorders in sound pronunciation of preschool children. Early identification of difficulties in pronunciation of children provides more adequate help and support from teachers, which help children with difficulties in articulating to get better achievements, not only in pre-school, but also later in school. This emphasizes the need for training teachers to determine the speech-language status of children, to use the articulation exercises of critical sounds in Serbian language sound system, and thus to correct the articulation disorders which do not belong to the etiology of speech pathology. For this purpose it is specially emphasized that children's literature is the basis for the realization of activities in the area of discrimination and articulation of sounds and speech in general, and in the later stages of the formation of children's vocabulary, logically connected and cultivated speech, expressive speech and a number of other targeted activities. Accordingly, in this paper we analyzed the role of the so-called "nonsense", "playful" children's literature and practically presented papers that can be used in order to develop the speech of preschool children.

The main objective of this research was to investigate the leisure time activities of elementary school children. This paper investigates the way in which these activities are grouped and their expression. In addition to this, it examined the existence of any difference between these grouped activities in relation to respondents' gender and school achievements, as well as to their relationship with the children's opinion of their parents' interest in how they spend their leisure time. For this purpose, an instrument has been designed consisting of 22 items of Likert-type (α = .69) which was used for a sample of 246 students of both genders (121 male and 125 female) from 4th and 5th grade (96 from 4th and 150 from 5th grade) from elementary schools in Vranje and Nis. Through factor analysis based on The Guttman-Kaiser Criterion and with the analysis of loadings of certain items, 5 factors have been identified and named as follows: organized extracurricular activities, home-related activities, computer-related activities, pastime, reality shows watching. The discovered differences in the expression of these groups of activities proved to be statistically significant. The results of t-test indicated that girls get more involved in activities at home, while boys rest more. The ANOVA results showed that there was the difference in the expression of activities done at home, as well as the organized extracurricular activities between students with different academic achievement. In the end, the results showed that as parents get less interested in the way their children spend their leisure time, more will their children get engaged in organized extracurricular activities, activities that are carried out at home, and watching sports, resting and using computers.

The paper presents the results of a study aimed at examining the ability and level of writing proficiency in students with disabilities at primary school age. The sample consisted of 58 students with disabilities of primary school age. Dysgraphic Prediction Test and Lilien Lirs graphomotor array were used to assess visual perception and graphomotor skills, while the handwriting was evaluated by the Scale for Assessment of Dysgraphic Forms in handwriting. The obtained results show that a large number of subjects (24 or 41,4%) did not score a single point on Dysgraphic Prediction Test, while only 21 subjects (36,2%) successfully completed the test (M = 7,98, SD = 7,062). Also, the obtained results show that the highest number of respondents (39 or 67,2%) did not score a single point on the Lilian Lirs test, while only 10 respondents or 17,2% successfully completed the test (M = 1,60, SD = 2,46). Using the Scale for the Assessment of Dysgraphic Forms in handwriting, we found that out of 22 written samples, 9 students (41%) have a well-developed handwriting, 8 (36%) have an ugly handwriting, 3 (14%) respondents have dysgraphic handwriting, while 2 (9%) respondents have a pronounced dysgraphic handwriting. Out of the total number of respondents, 36 (62%) of the sample students could not write the appropriate text on the basis of which the sample of the handwriting was taken. The obtained results provide the exact knowledge of the presence of difficulties in adopting writing by students with disabilities.Teaching students with disabilities, according to the results obtained, imperatively imposes the need to respect the developmental characteristics of this population of students and the individualization of the initial teaching of writing. This involves major changes to the standards and outcomes of achievements required by the regular curriculum and the development of an IOP for each student with more complex individualized contents to support the child in order to adopt writing. However, effective work with this student population also entails the need to adopt special curricula intended for teaching in schools for students with disabilities.