Phosphoric acid etching has been widely used to achieve a strong and long lasting mechanical bonding between composite resin restoration and tooth structure. The bond strength between the composite resin restoration and the enamel of permanent teeth can be measured by the shear bond strength of the composite resin restoration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength between the enamel of permanent teeth and the composite resin restoration by measuring the shear bond strength after different durations of etching. In total 27 premolar teeth were divided into 3 groups where the enamel of the buccal surface was etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 5″, 15″, and 25″ before placing the composite resin restoration. After keeping the teeth inside an incubator for 24 hours, the shear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine Shimazu AG-5000 at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of the results, with p<0.05 assumed to imply significance. The mean shear bond strength after etching for 5″, 15″, and 25″ was 16.1 MPa, 17.3 MPa and 19.0 MPa, respectively. The results of ANOVA showed significant difference between the 3 groups. However, subsequent Tukey test showed significant difference between 5″ and 25″ of etching (p<0.05), but no significant difference between between the 5″ and 15″ groups nor between the 15″ and 25″ groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Shear bond strength of the composite resin on the permanent teeth enamel increased with increasing etching time. Significant difference was showed between 5″ and 25″ of etching time.

The purpose of this study was to determine the fluoride content differences in enamel of immature teeth with Glass Ionomer Cement Fuji IX and Ketac Molar filling.The subject for this study was 21 immature premolars teeth, and each tooth divided into 2 parts. The first part filled with Fuji IX (Fuji IX ART, GC) and the second part filled with Ketac Molar (Ketac Molar ART, MI, 3M ESPE), so the samples were 21 Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrophotometry analysis of Fuji IX and 21 Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrophotometry analysis of Ketac molar. The measurement was done to the fluoride content in enamel of immature teeth using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrophotometry in percentage.This study using t-test, exhibited differences but no significant from the percentage of delta the fluoride content in enamel of immature teeth with Fuji IX and Ketac Molar filling (t=1,953 p > 0.05). PendahuluanDengan adanya kemajuan tehnologi saat ini, maka bahan restorasi kedokteran gigi juga terus-menerus mengalami kemajuan dalam segi estetis, kekerasan dan kekuatan bahan terhadap tekanan pengunyahan, serta kekuatan adhesi bahan terhadap struktur gigi. Bahan yang sering digunakan untuk merestorasi baik gigi sulung maupun gigi tetap dalam praktek kedokteran gigi adalah bahan restorasi adesif sewarna gigi. Bahan restorasi sewarna gigi yang banyak beredar dipasaran adalah Glass Ionomer Cement (Semen Ionomer Kaca=SIK), kompomer dan resin komposit.Dari segi estetis, resin komposit lebih unggul namun bahan ini tidak mengandung fluor. SIK lebih banyak mengandung fluor dibandingkan kompomer dan tidak memerlukan

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