Background: Hemodialysis is a kidney replacement therapy, but it has many complications identified, one of them is pain. Thus, we need non-pharmacological interventions that can be done by nurses, among them is progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), which is economically-efficient and no side effects.Objective: To determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on pain in hemodialysis patients.Methods: This is a quasi experimental design of time series design. The number of samples was 100 patients taken by simple random sampling. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) was given every day for 4 weeks. Research instrument  applied was Brief Pain Inventory. The data analysis employed independent t-test.Results: There was a decrease in pain level from week to week after the intervention, from the scale of 6 (moderate pain) to scale 3 (mild pain). There was a difference in the level of pain between the intervention group and the control group p <0.001.Conclusion: The therapy of non-pharmacological using a progressive muscle relaxation is proven to reduce pain in hemodialysis patients.

Latar Belakang: Stroke menempati peringkat kedua penyebab kematian. Sekitar 21−38%  pasien dengan stroke beresiko menderita afasia. Penderita afasia mengalami gangguan dalam kemampuan bahasa dan verbal dalam memenuhi kegiatan sehari-harinya.Tujuan: Mereview artikel penelitian dengan reading-based therapy pada pasien dengan afasia.Metode: Melakukan pencarian artikel dari PubMed, EBSCO, iMedPub dan TaylorFrancis dengan menggunakan istilah kunci dari bulan Januari 2013 sampai dengan Desember 2017. Hasil: Didapatkan 691 artikel dari hasil pencarian, 5 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi setelah artikel dibaca secara lengkap. Hasil meningkat pada kemampuan bahasa, pemahaman dalam membaca dan kognitif setelah intervensi diberikan ditunjukkan oleh masing-masing alat ukur.Kesimpulan: Reading-based therapy mampu memperbaiki gangguan bicara pada afasia, yang di dalamnya termasuk kemampuan bahasa, pemahaman membaca dan fungsi kognitif. Penulis menyakini, semakin lama jangka watu pemberian terapi ini, manfaat yang lebih signifikan akan didapatkan, karena tidak ada efek samping dari terapi membaca ini. Justru terapi ini juga akan menambah pengetahuan dan informasi dari yang dibaca. Kata kunci: Reading-based Therapy; Afasia; Kemampuan bahasa; Pemahaman membaca; Kognitif  ABSTRACTBackground: Stroke is in the second rank causes of death. Approximately 21-38% of patients with stroke are at risk of suffering from aphasia. Aphasia patients have trouble in language and verbal ability in fulfilling their daily activities.Aims: To review research articles with reading-based therapy in patients with aphasia.Methods: Searched articles from four electronic databases at PubMed, EBSCO, iMedPub and Taylor Francis using key terms from January 2013 to December 2017.  Outcome Results: Of 691 articles were identified, 5 articles were included in this study. Those studies used case study design included four quantitative studies and one qualitative study. Improvement results in language skills, comprehension in reading and cognitive after intervention is given have been shown by each measuring instrument.Conclusions: Reading-based therapy improved speech impairment in aphasia, which included language skills, reading comprehension and cognitive function. The authors believe, the longer duration of this therapy, more significant benefit will be obtained, because there are no side effects from this reading therapy. In addition this therapy will increase the knowledge and information from read. Keywords: Reading-based Therapy; Aphasia; Language Skill; Reading Comprehension; Cognitive