Background: Indonesia is estimated to be among countries with deficiencies in zinc intake. Zinc deficiency increase the risk of immune deficiency, preterm birth, retarded fetal growth, duration of infection healing, and stunting. Umbilical cord zinc levels can reflect zinc levels of newborns. Research on newborn zinc in Indonesia is still limited.Objective: Look for factors related to zinc levels of the newborns umbilical cord. The factors studied included maternal/newborn characteristics, and mode of delivery.Methods: A Cross sectional study of 88 healthy newborns at term pregnancy with their healthy mothers. Zinc samples were taken from cord blood immediately after birth. Measurement of zinc levels with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Chi-Square test was used to prove the relationship between low zinc levels (< 65μ/dl) with characteristics of both mother and newborn. The Mann-Whitney test was used to prove differences in zinc levels between groups according to characteristics, mode of delivery, and birth weight. Software SPSSstatistic 21.Results: There was no significant relationship between mother and newborn characteristics with low umbilical cord zinc levels (<65μg/dl), with a p value > 0.05. There was a significant difference in mean umbilical cord zinc levels between the two groups (p=0.015), that cesarean section delivery had a mean rank of lower zinc levels (41.5μg/ dl) median 79.8 (min.50.9-max.140.3 μg/dl) compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery (59.3μg/dl) median 97.7 (min.57.6-max.132.9μg/dl). Umbilical cord zinc levels from 2500 - < 2800 g birth weight group have lower mean rank (37.7μg/dl) compared to 2800 - 3900 g birth weight group (48.2μg/dl), with a p value = 0.028.Conclusions: There is a tendency to decrease zinc levels in healthy newborns from cesarean delivery. Decreased zinc levels in healthy newborns may cause lower birth weight.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 04 October’20 Page : 298-304

Background: The research on association between differentiation of Th1 and Th2 were previously conducted on experimental animals. The study on association between umbilical cord zinc and the risk of allergy symptoms during early stage of life has not been conducted in Indonesia. Studies on zinc and allergies are commonly investigated during adulthood and the results are still contradictive. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the extent of zinc’s role in the emergence of atopic allergy symptoms during the first 4 months age Methods: This prospective cohort study includes consecutive 80 healthy newborns followed up for 4 months after birth at Semarang Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital and Bangetayu Primary Health Care. Hypothesis testing were analyzed with unpaired t-test , chi-square test or fisher’s test Results: The mean value of cord blood zinc in allergic infants were significantly lower when compared with non atopic allergy (74.1 ± 17.3 μg / dL vs 91.5 ± 22.6 μg / dL, p=0.029). Very early formula feeding were 4.4 times more at risk of suffering from allergies(p=0.023). Conclusion: Umbilical cord zinc levels are associated with atopic allergy symptoms for the first 4 months of life. Formula feeding before 1 month of age was associated with atopic allergic infants Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(1) 2020 p.114-121

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Latar belakang. Air susu ibu (ASI) berperan penting dalam sistem kekebalan innate bayi baru lahir. Kolostrum telah diketahui mengandung antibodi terbesar yaitu sIgA yang berasal dari Entero-broncho-Mammary Pathway. Sekretori IgA kolostrum merupakan imunomodulator perkembangan sistem imun bayi baru lahir. Antibodi pada ASI sering dihubungkan dengan perlindungan bayi terhadap infeksi sampai usia 6 bulan. Masih perlu diketahui peranan sIgA kolostrum terhadap kejadian infeksi Balita.Tujuan. Membuktikan hubungan antara kadar sIgA kolostrum dengan frekuensi infeksi umum dan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) pertahun pada Balita. Mengetahui faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan infeksi Balita secara umum.Metode. Studi prospektif pada 53 Balita usia 3 tahun dengan riwayat kehamilan cukup bulan, lahir sehat beserta ibunya. Pengumpulan ASI pada hari ke 2-3 postpartum, sIgA diukur dengan teknik ELISA. Data didapat dari kuesioner dengan kunjungan rumah atau pertelepon. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney, chi-square dan Fisher.Hasil. Rerata frekuensi infeksi umum kelompok riwayat kadar sIgA kolostrum rendah (<120mg/dL) lebih sering dibanding kelompok kontrol (5,9 vs 4,2, p=0,03), demikian juga frekuensi ISPA lebih sering dibanding kontrol (5,2 vs 3,8, p=0,041). Terdapat hubungan antara kepadatan hunian dengan sering infeksi, p=0,01.Kesimpulan. Balita dengan riwayat sIgA kolostrum ibu rendah (<120mg/dL) lebih sering mengalami infeksi saluran pernapasan akut dan infeksi secara umum dibanding kontrol. Kepadatan hunian berhubungan dengan riwayat sering infeksi.

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To determine the effect of red algae extract on the gene expression of catalase and caspase-3 in testicules of rats induced by boric acid (BA).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;This is experimental research with post-test control group design. Twenty four healthy male Wistar rats were divided into&lt;br /&gt;four treatment groups: a healthy group, negative control group, two treatment groups with red algae extract 400mg/kgBW/day (T1) and red algae extract 800mg/kgBW/day (T2). Each group was treated with BA 500mg/kgBW/day for 14 days, whereas the healthy group did not receive BA. In the treatment groups T1 and T2 were given red algae extract for 14 days. On day 15 all treatment groups were terminated and catalase and caspase-3 gene&lt;br /&gt;expression were analysed using qRT-PCR.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;In the healthy group, the expression of the catalase gene was 1.39&amp;plusmn;0.67 and the expression of the caspase-3 gene was&lt;br /&gt;1.06&amp;plusmn;0.17. In the negative control group, there was a significant decrease in catalase gene expression, 0.68&amp;plusmn;0.27 (p&amp;lt;0.05), and a significant increase in caspase-3 gene expression, 5.71&amp;plusmn;2.47 (p&amp;lt;0.05). Treatment groups T1 and T2 showed a significant increase in catalase gene expression, 2.67&amp;plusmn;0.69; and 2.85&amp;plusmn;0.64, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.05) and caspase-3, 3.96&amp;plusmn;1,16 and 1.89&amp;plusmn;0.84, respectively, compared to the control group.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The administration of red algae extract had a significant effect on increasing the expression of the catalase gene and&lt;br /&gt;decreasing the expression of the caspase-3 gene. This suggests that red algae extract has the potential to be developed as a protective agent against exposure to the effects of BA.&lt;/p&gt;