No abstract

Histoid leprosy is a rare form of multibacillary leprosy with distinct clinical and histopathological features. It is a variant of lepromatous leprosy. It occurs in lepromatous patients, who relapse after dapsone monotherapy, in the presence of dapsone resistance or at times ‘de-novo’. We describe here a case of histoid leprosy, clinically mimicking neurofibromatosis.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to explore the Pharmacognostic parameters for standardization of Rosa Damascena Rosa Damascena Petals. The flowers of were authenticated and shade dried. Material and Methods: Petals were separated and powder characteristics, behavior and fluorescence analysis, physiochemical assessment, and micrometric investigation were carried out. Dried Petals powder was then extracted with aqueous, Rosa Damascena alcoholic, chloroform, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate solvents and their extractive values were calculated. The phytochemical screening of petals was carried on all the different extracts. The Rosa Damascena Results: characteristic macroscopic and microscopic features of petals include the presence of wavy epidermal cells, spirally thickened xylem vessels, lignified fibers, oil globules, prismatic, acicular clusters and conglomerate of crystals calcium oxalate and Cystoliths crystals of calcium carbonate. Powder showed characteristic fluorescent property when treated with different reagents. Physicochemical exploration showed values for moisture content, moisture sorption capacity, ash values and extractive values which are within the limits of World Health Organisation standards for the crude drug from medicinal plants. Micromeritic analysis of petal powder reveals good flowability. Aqueous and ethanolic extractive values were found to be higher when compared to that of extractive values of chloroform, petroleum ether, and ethyl acetate. Preliminary Phytochemical exploration indicated the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, and triterpenoids. The current research would be useful in order to Conclusions: supplement the information regarding pharmacognostical characteristics, physiochemical evaluation, micrometric analysis and phytochemical exploration in Ayurvedic system of medicine for its identification.

Background: Cleft lip and palate is one of the most common developmental anomalies affecting the craniofacial region leading to an array of problems including the inability to feed properly.Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of specially designed audio-visual module over traditional instructional module in improving the assisted breastfeeding habits.Methodology: Sixteen patients received training regarding the feeding practices through the traditional instructional method, and 16 subjects received training through audio-visual module. Infants in both the groups received the standard care. These infants were followed up longitudinally for 6 months. During the follow up period, the growth parameters were recorded monthly. The knowledge, attitude, and practices of the mothers regarding feeding practices were assessed using KAP questionnaire.

The treatment of respiratory distress in neonates ranges from non-invasive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to advanced invasive mechanical ventilation. Monitoring on CPAP is often done by calculating oxygenation after blood gas analysis which is an invasive procedure. Saturation oxygen pressure index (SOPI) is a simple, non-invasive, bedside tool to monitor the severity of respiratory illness in neonates on CPAP. This study was aimed at validation of SOP index against AaDO2 and determine the cutoff values of SOPI for A-aDO2 of 70, 85 and100. This was a prospective observational study on 126 neonates with respiratory distress and treated with CPAP. The correlation between SOPI and A-aDO2 was validated using Bootstrap method. There was a significant positive correlation between SOPI and A-aDO2 with the Spearman correlation coefficient (rho) being 0.815 (p = 0). The mean coefficient of correlation after Bootstrap was 0.827 (p value < 0.0001). SOPI values of 1.52, 1.57 and 1.6 predicted A-aDO2 value of 70, 85 and 100 with a sensitivity of above 80% and specificity above 90%, respectively. Conclusion: SOPI has a significant positive correlation of 82.7% against A-aDO2 and can be a valuable tool to assess respiratory distress in neonates without arterial blood gas. Keywords SOP index. Non-invasive assessment. Respiratory distress. Neonates Abbreviations N-CPAP Nasal continuous positive airway pressure OI Oxygenation index SOPI Saturation oxygen pressure index AaDO2 Alveolar arterial oxygen difference CDP Continuous distending pressure FiO 2 Fraction of inspired oxygen NICU Neonatal intensive care unit SpO 2 Arterial oxygen saturation H 2 O Water PEEP Positive end-expiratory pressure ROC Receiver operative characteristics IQR Interquartile range SD Standard deviation What is Known: • Saturation oxygen pressure index (SOPI) is a non-invasive monitoring tool for neonates on N-CPAP. • SOPI has a good correlation with AaDO2. What is New: • Correlation of SOPI with AaDO2 is now validated. • Values between 1.52 and 1.88 indicate clinically useful range of AaDO2 for escalation of respiratory support from CPAP.