Evaporation of an aqueous solution of a chiral, nonracemic (partially resolved) amino acid or hydroxy acid from a clay or silica surface is shown to produce crystals in six cases that possess increased concentrations of the more abundant enantiomer. The increases range from a factor of 1.2 as the low to a high greater than 6-fold above the near 8% enantiomeric excess starting levels. This newly discovered enantiomeric enrichment process is presented in the context of it having been a possible instrument in the attainment of levels of configurational homogeneity sufficient for the emergence of life on Earth.
It has been found possible to effect coupling of substituted haloferrocenes by means of treatment with activated copper bronze to yield substituted biferrocenyls. In addition to coupling products, significant amounts of ferrocene derivatives are obtained which appear to result from formal replacement of halogen by hydrogen in the starting material. Synthesis of l,3,4,6,ll,isoquinoline and Perhydro-l.ff-pyrazino[l,2-a]quinoline
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