No abstract

This study investigated the hypothesis that assertive and nonaasertive individuals differ in the defense mechanisms they most typically rely on when confronted with interpersonal stress and conflict. The Defense Mechanism Inventory was administered to four groups of subjects (n = 10 per group) representing assertive and nonassertive males and females. As predicted, assertive males and females both endorsed the most adaptive defense mechanism cluster of Principalization (intellectualization, rationalization", isolation of affect), whereas nonassertive males and females endorsed the more primitive and so-• daily ineffective defense mechanism clusters of Turning Against Object and Turning Against Self, respectively. Assertives also demonstrated greater levels of intellectual achievement than their nonassertive peers, especially between the female groups. Recommendations are offered as tp how these initial findings may contribute to a fuller understanding of assertive and nonassertive populations and how they may buttress existing assertion training strategies.

No abstract

At the end of first grade arithmetic and reading achievement scores of 84 children were correlated with power and precision of Bender Memory using the Bender Visual Memory Technique. Of the 20 correlations, 16 were significant. Support for recommended use of the Bender Visual Memory Technique as a clinical or diagnostic screening instrument for early assessment of arithmetic skill is provided.

No abstract