Interfacing photonic and solid-state qubits within a hybrid quantum architecture offers a promising route towards large scale distributed quantum computing. Ideal candidates for coherent qubit interconversion are optically active spins, magnetically coupled to a superconducting resonator. We report on an on-chip cavity QED experiment with magnetically anisotropic Er(3+)∶Y2SiO5 crystals and demonstrate collective strong coupling of rare-earth spins to a lumped element resonator. Moreover, the electron spin resonance and relaxation dynamics of the erbium spins are detected via direct microwave absorption, without the aid of a cavity.

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells originate from the renal collecting duct and consist of different cell subtypes. We cloned two MDCK cell subtypes denominated as C7 and C11 with different morphology and different function. The two clones maintained their functional differences after cloning. C7 monolayers exhibit a high transepithelial resistance (Rte = 5648 +/- 206 omega.cm2, n = 20) and secrete K+ (delta K+ = 1.31 +/- 0.08 mmol/l, n = 10) into the apical medium. C11 monolayers display a low Rte (330 +/- 52 omega.cm2, n = 20) and secrete Cl- (delta Cl- = 16.9 +/- 1.8 mmol/l, n = 10) into the apical medium. Aldosterone (1 mumol/l) stimulates K+ secretion (delta K+ of 3.58 +/- 0.11 mmol/l, n = 7) in C7 cells and H+ secretion in C11 cells (delta pH = 0.060 +/- 0.007, n = 10). Aldosterone-induced stimulation of K+ secretion is inhibited by apical application of amiloride (1 mumol/l). cAMP stimulates H+ secretion in C11 cells (delta pH = -0.068 +/- 0.004, n = 10). Furthermore, C7 cells are peanut-lectin(PNA)-negative and exhibit an intracellular pH of 7.39 +/- 0.05 (n = 7), whereas C11 cells maintain intracellular pH at 7.16 +/- 0.05 (n = 8) and a major fraction of cells is PNA positive. We conclude that we have cloned two subtypes of MDCK cells which stably express different functional characteristics. The C7 subtype resembles principal cells (PC) of the renal collecting duct, whereas the C11 subtype resembles intercalated cells (ICC) of the renal collecting duct.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A search is presented for physics beyond the standard model (SM) using electron or muon pairs with high invariant mass. A data set of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV from 2016 to 2018 corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of up to 140 fb−1 is analyzed. No significant deviation is observed with respect to the SM background expectations. Upper limits are presented on the ratio of the product of the production cross section and the branching fraction to dileptons of a new narrow resonance to that of the Z boson. These provide the most stringent lower limits to date on the masses for various spin-1 particles, spin-2 gravitons in the Randall-Sundrum model, as well as spin-1 mediators between the SM and dark matter particles. Lower limits on the ultraviolet cutoff parameter are set both for four-fermion contact interactions and for the Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali model with large extra dimensions. Lepton flavor universality is tested at the TeV scale for the first time by comparing the dimuon and dielectron mass spectra. No significant deviation from the SM expectation of unity is observed.

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Here we describe the identification and characterization of a physiological marker that is associated with the chloroquine-resistant (CQR) phenotype in the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Single cell in vivo pH measurements revealed that CQR parasites consistently have an elevated cytoplasmic pH compared to that of chloroquine-sensitive (CQS) parasites because of a constitutively activated Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE). Together, biochemical and physiological data suggest that chloroquine activates the plasmodial NHE of CQS parasites, resulting in a transitory phase of rapid sodium/hydrogen ion exchange during which chloroquine is taken up by this protein. The constitutively stimulated NHE of CQR parasites are capable of little or no further activation by chloroquine. We propose that the inability of chloroquine to stimulate its own uptake through the constitutively activated NHE of resistant parasites constitutes a minimal and necessary event in the generation of the chloroquine-resistant phenotype.