Our results confirm the limited value of QRS duration in the selection of patients for CRT. A less-advanced stage of disease and echocardiographic evidence of interventricular dyssynchrony demonstrated to predict response to CRT, while intraventricular dyssynchrony did not predict response.

No significant differences in the incidence of clinical outcomes considered emerged between no-DFT and DFT groups. These results should be confirmed in larger prospective studies.

Chronic parasympathetic stimulation can be achieved via a cardiac neurostimulator. The approach is safe, effective, and well tolerated in the long term. The atrioventricular nodal selectivity and the opportunity to adjust the negative dromotropic effect within seconds may represent an advantage over pharmacological rate control.

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