A novel petrosiacetylene analog (petrosiacetylene E) has been isolated from the Korean marine sponge Petrosia sp., along with petrosiacetylene A, B and C. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and the stereochemistry of the new compound was determined by using the modified Mosher's method. Petrosiacetylene E showed higher cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines than petrosiacetylene A and B, presumably due to the additional hydroxy group located at C-16.

There have been huge developments in ion selective electrode (ISE) research over the past 40 years. Nevertheless, the traditional barrel configuration 1 was proved to be cumbersome for some applications.Thus attempts were made for miniaturization, which brought about some new sensing systems, called wire-type electrodes (WTEs), such as the solid contact electrodes (SCEs) 2,3 and coated wire electrodes (CWEs). 4 In WTEs, a total elimination of the internal filling solution provides new advantages. Simplicity of design, lower costs, mechanical flexibility, the possibility of miniaturization and microfabrication have widened the applications for wiretype electrodes in the fields of medicine and biotechnology. Especially, in SCEs, after polymerization, this polymer-coated metal electrodes are dipped into in a PVC cocktail membrane solution until a bead is formed. These electrodes based on the electropolymerization method of amino derivatives onto the metal surface 5 produced very good results, such as stabilization of the base potential, reproducibility, best selectivities, wide response ranges and fast response time.Because electroconductive polymers, such as polyaniline and polypyrrole, show well-documented electronic/ionic conductivity, 6 many researchers have utilized them as an electron conducting polymer layer having anionic dopants. 7 Thus, in this study we used an electoconductive polypyrrole layer which could act as a solid contact between a pH-selective PVC membrane containing the ion carrier and a metal contact.In recent years, there have been several reports on a hydrogen ion-selective electrode and ionophores. 8 Most of these electrodes were based on PVC membranes containing tertiary amine compounds. 9 In these tertiary alkyl amine compound ionophores, the representative hydrogen ion ionophore was tridodecylamine, which showed good selectivity and the slopes of the EMF responses. However, because measurements were limited to the dynamic range of pH 4.5 -11.0, to measure a greater alkaline pH range, other ionophores had to be studied. The former researchers reported that as the pKa value of the ionophores in a membrane increased, the response range of electrodes containing the tertiary amine ionophores widened. 10Also in our lab, we recently reported that tribenzylamine ionophore 11 yielded a wider applicable pH range and a better selectivity coefficient than any other trialkylamine ionophore, including tridodecylamine. 12 In the present work we used a tertiary amine ionophore including a phenyl ring, like a tribenzylamine, and intended to produce an all-solid contact potentiometric sensor for hydrogen ion based on polypyrrole, which was covered with a plastic PVC membrane including these ionophores. We synthesized a tris(2-phenylethyl)amine ionophore and a tris(3-phenylpropyl)amine ionophore, which were compared with the result of a tribenzylamine ionophore. We also wanted to prove that the response ranges are affected (shifted dynamic range to the alkali range) as the alkyl chain length between the n...

Levels of minerals, vitamin, amino acids, fatty acids and chemical compositions were determined in the fleshy parts that are used for food. The moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash and carbohydrate contents of masou salmon were 73.6±0.4, 17.7±0.3, 3.3±0.2, 1.3±0.1 and 4.1±0.2%, respectively. Potassium was the highest followed by phosphorus, calcium and sodium. The vitamin C and E levels in masou salmon were 600 and 200 μg/100 g, respectively. Sixteen amino acids were detected and essential amino acids among them are threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine, arginine, and histidine. Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in masou salmon and polyunsaturated fatty acids were EPA, DHA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid. These results may offer a scientific basis for the commercial use of masou salmon.

This study was conducted to assess the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of yanggaeng prepared with different concentrations of Viscum album extracts (VAE; 0, 1, 3 and 5%). The moisture content ranged from 37.85% to 39.38%, exhibiting no significant differences between the groups. The pH level of VAE 5% added yanggaeng was the lowest, followed in order by 3% and 1% additions. Increasing the amount of VAE in yanggaeng tended to increase acidity. The lightness value of the Hunter color system decreased based on the amount of VAE concentrate added to yanggaeng. As VAE content increased, changes in hardness, gumminess, and brittleness were all significant (p＜0.05). Characteristics of cohesiveness and springiness showed no significant differences. Total polyphenol content was the highest in VAE 5% added yanggaeng. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging activity of the control group was 2.29%, whereas groups with added VAE ranged from 7.52~28.05%. As VAE increased, antioxidative activity also increased. In the sensory evaluation, yanggaeng addition with VAE 3% had excellent scores for bitterness, moistness, and overall acceptability. Yanggaengs with moderate levels of VAE 3% are recommended (with respect to overall preference score) to take advantage of the functional properties of VAE without sacrificing consumer acceptability.

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of well-being behavior of women living in Daegu and analyze their well-being levels according to their socio-demographic variables, thereby determining the effects of each variable on well-being behavior. A survey of 320 women was conducted and T-test, ANOVA was conducted for the well-being levels and well-being behavior based on socio-demographic variables. Multiple regression analysis was analyze the factors affecting well-being behavior. The major findings of this study were as follows. A higher level of education led to a higher level of well-being. Moreover, educational or counseling workers, those with higher monthly incomes, those with higher expenses spent on self-management, those who considered their physical condition good, and those who drank once or twice a week showed higher levels of well-being. According to the analysis of the variables influencing well-being behavior, those with an older age, a higher level of education, and higher expenses for self-management and non-smokers revealed higher degrees of involvement in well-being behavior. We need to maintain women's identity by establishing values of and beliefs in well-being and inspiring them with healthy consciousness of well-being so that we can encourage them to participate in sound well-being behavior.