Ferromagnetic Sn–TiO2 nanocrystals were newly developed, and their photocatalytic activity showed structural, luminescent and magnetic dependences.

A facile hydrothermal method was firstly employed to synthesize iron oxide coupled and doped titania nanocomposites using an aqueous solution of titanium nitrate. The present nanocomposites exhibit altered compositional, optical, electrical, magnetic and photocatalytic properties with respect to varying dosage of iron in the titania matrix. The architecture of characteristic iron oxide such as Fe 2 O 3 coupled with titania was confirmed by 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic measurements. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was demonstrated by comparing with that of pure hematite, anatase TiO 2 , rutile TiO 2 and P25 in the degradation of methylene blue under visible light (l > 480 nm) irradiation in an aqueous suspension. The strategy presented here gives a promising route towards the development of a metal oxide coupled and doped semiconductor material for applied photocatalysis and related applications.

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In the crystal structure of the title compound, (C12H9N2)2[ZnCl4]·H2O, the two independent 1,10-phenanthrolinium cations are bridged by the water mol­ecule and the tetrahedral tetrachloridozincate anion via N—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [100]. The chains are linked via C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds and a number of π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distances vary from 3.5594 (14) to 3.7057 (13) Å], forming a three-dimensional network. In each 1,10-phenanthrolinium cation, there is a short N—H⋯N inter­action.

Key indicators: single-crystal X-ray study; T = 293 K; mean (C-C) = 0.005 Å; R factor = 0.033; wR factor = 0.088; data-to-parameter ratio = 14.4.In the title compound, (C 9 H 8 N) 2 [ZnCl 4 ]Á2H 2 O, the tetrachloridozincate ion is located on a twofold rotation axis with the Zn atom on a special position. The crystal packing is stabilized by N-HÁ Á ÁO and O-HÁ Á ÁCl interactions.