AIM: Prolonged exposure to stress mainly affects the cognitive functions of the brain by inducing neuronal damage mediated through oxidative stress. Acorus calamus (AC) has long been used in Indian folk medicine for various central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities. Hence the present study investigates the effect AC on learning and memory in rats. MATErIAL and METHods:Adult Wistar male rats were subjected to restrained stress for 21 days (6hr/day) and the animals were concurrently administered AC for 21 days orally. The Hebb-Williams maze and elevated plus maze served as standard behavioural models for testing memory. The rats were sacrificed on 22nd day and the brain homogenate was taken for various biochemical assessments.rEsuLTs: Sodium potassium ATPase activity and TBARS levels showed a significant decrease in the stress group compared to control. After administration of AC, the activity of Na-K-ATPase and levels of TBARS showed a tendency to revert back to normal. However there was no effect on AOPP levels, even after the treatment, which remained high.CoNCLusIoN: The present study shows the preventive action of AC rhizome powder on stress induced cognitive functions and modulatory effect on antioxidants and Na-K-ATPase activity.KEywords: Restraint stress, Acorus calamus, Elevated plus maze, Hebb-Williams maze, Rat, TBARS ÖZ AMAÇ: Strese uzun süreli maruz kalma oksidatif stres yoluyla oluşan nöronal hasarı indükleyerek, temel olarak beynin kognitif işlevlerini etkiler. Acorus calamus (AC) uzun süredir Hint halk tıbbında çeşitli merkezi sinir sistemi (MSS) anormallikleri için kullanılmıştır. Bu nedenle mevcut çalışma AC'nin sıçanlarda öğrenme ve bellek üzerine etkilerini incelemektedir. yÖNTEM ve GErEÇLEr: Yetişkin Wistar erkek sıçanlar 21 gün (6/gün) boyunca kısıtlama stresine maruz bırakılmış ve hayvanlara sonra 21 gün boyunca oral yoldan AC verilmiştir. Hafıza testi için standart davranışsal modeller olarak Hebb-Williams labirenti ve yükseltilmiş artı labirenti kullanılmıştır. Sıçanlar 22. günde sakrifiye edilmiş ve çeşitli biyokimyasal değerlendirmeler için beyin homojenatı alınmıştır.BuLGuLAr: Sodyum potasyum ATPaz aktivitesi ve TBARS düzeyleri stres grubunda kontrole göre önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. AC uygulanması ile Na-K-ATPaz aktivitesi ve TBARS düzeyleri normale dönme eğilimi göstermiştir. Ancak tedaviden sonra bile AOPP düzeyleri yüksek kalmış ve bir etki görülmemiştir. soNuÇ: Mevcut çalışma AC rizom tozunun stres tarafından indüklenen kognitif işlevler üzerinde koruyucu etkisini ve antioksidanlarla Na-KATPaz aktivitesi üzerinde modülatuar etkisini göstermektedir.
We report a case of a patient in his early 30s who presented with an ulceroproliferative growth over the left buccal mucosa; he was also on treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis on hydroxyurea and a known case of ichthyosis follicularis, alopecia, and photophobia syndrome. Although a working diagnosis of chloroma/hydroxyurea-induced erosive lichen planus was suspected, the histopathological examination of the lesion was suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma. He was subsequently planned for palliative radiotherapy.
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