The study was carried out to examine the direct effect of the sex hormones 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and testosterone on the modeling of cultured fetal mouse long bones separated according to their sex. The culture system used allowed for the simultaneous assessment of bone growth, mineralization, and resorption on each bone. Bones from 16-day-old male and female mouse fetuses were cultured in BGJ medium, supplemented with either 10% fetal calf serum or 4 mg/ml BSA (serum-free medium) for 48 h. The bones were harvested, and their length; the length of their diaphyses; their hydroxyproline, calcium, and phosphorus contents; and their 45Ca release were measured. Histomorphometric analyses on midlongitudinal sections of bones from parallel experiments were also performed. The results indicate that in medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, E2 had a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on bone formation and mineralization at 10(-7) and 10(-9) M, with no effect on bone resorption. This effect was specific to bones from female mice and to E2, since 17-alpha-estradiol had no effect. Testosterone had similar effects specific to bones from male mice, resulting in the stimulation of bone formation and mineralization at 10(-7)- and 10(-9)-M concentrations. These effects were absent when serum-free medium was used. E2 and testosterone had an anabolic effect on endochondral and periosteal bone formation and mineralization, but no effect on bone resorption. This effect is dependent on the presence of a serum factor(s).

AbstrakPemberian asam traneksamat (AT) per oral telah terbukti dapat mengurangi keriput yang diinduksi oleh kulit kering pada mencit. Namun, dosis oral yang setara terlalu besar untuk digunakan pada manusia dalam jangka panjang karena dapat menimbulkan toksisitas, sehingga perlu dicari sediaan alternatif lain secara topikal seperti sediaan krim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian krim AT terhadap pembentukan keriput pada kulit mencit jantan galur Balb/c yang dipajan sinar ultraviolet B (UVB). Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 24 ekor mencit di Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Terapi serta Laboratorium Sentral Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan Februari hingga Mei 2018. Mencit dibagi secara acak ke dalam empat kelompok, yaitu satu kelompok kontrol (P 0 ) hanya mendapatkan pajanan sinar UVB tanpa krim AT dan tiga kelompok perlakuan (P 1 , P 2 , dan P 3 ) mendapat pajanan sinar UVB dan diberikan krim AT dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 3%, 4%, dan 5%. Setelah 10 minggu, dilakukan penilaian kondisi keriput pada kulit punggung mencit berdasarkan metode Bisett, dilanjutkan dengan biopsi kulit punggung mencit untuk pemeriksaan kadar matriks metaloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) dengan teknik western blot (WB). Diperoleh perbedaan nilai rata-rata skor keriput yang bermakna sebesar 2,1±0,105 pada kelompok P 0 , 1,1±0,167 pada P 1 dan P 2 , serta 1,3±0,211 pada P 3 (p=0,005). Diperoleh pula nilai rata-rata kadar MMP-1 yang bermakna, yakni sebesar 0,75±0,08 pada kelompok P 0 , serta 0,54±0,033, 0,40±0,052, dan 0,54±0,072 pada P 1 , P 2 , dan P 3 secara berturut-turut (p=0,008). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian krim AT mampu memperlambat pembentukan keriput dan menurunkan kadar MMP-1 pada kulit punggung mencit jantan galur Balb/c yang dipajan sinar UVB.Kata kunci: Keriput, krim asam traneksamat, matriks metaloproteinase-1, sinar ultraviolet B AbstractOral tranexamic acid (TXA) has been proven to ameliorate wrinkle induced by skin dryness in hairless mouse. However, the equal human oral dose is too high and can induce toxicity if used in long term, and study of topical preparations for wrinkle treatment is limited. Therefore, this study was conducted using topical preparations as an alternative for oral treatment to examine the effects of TXA cream in wrinkle formation. Four weeks old of twenty-four male Balb/c mice, divided into four groups, then 3%, 4% and 5% TXA cream were administered on the back skin of mice in each group shortly after ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure, except for control group that only exposed to UVB lights without given any TXA creams. Wrinkle formation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) level were observed after 10 weeks of treatments. There were significant differences of wrinkle score, with mean value were 2.1±0.105 for control group, 1.1±0.167 for 3% and 4% groups, and 1.3±0.211 for 5% group (p=0.005). There were also significant differences of MMP-1, with mean value were 0.75±0.08 for control group, 0.54±0.033, 0.40±0.052, and 0.54±0.072 for 3%, 4% and 5% group,...

Selenium (Se) deficiency is associated with certain abnormalities, such as Keshan disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), viral infections, infertility, immune system abnormalities, metabolic diseases, neurological disorders, and growth retardation. Its antioxidant properties are integrated into various selenoenzymes, mainly glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (Trx). These selenoenzymes act as a protective mechanism to prevent oxidative stress-induced cellular injury, regulate DNA transcription, and cell proliferation. Decreased levels of antioxidants induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation resulting in loss of mitochondrial structure and function. The antioxidant properties of selenium could depress ROS and modulates autophagy by interfering initiation of autophagy and phagophore formation. Inhibition at the initiation stage not only involves mTOR and AMPK, an autophagy-related regulators, but also autophagy markers, including Beclin 1, Atg5, LC3, and p62; thus, phagophore and autophagosome are not formed. This review will discuss the role of selenium in modulating autophagy in various organs.

AbstrakKultur sel fibroblas banyak digunakan untuk penelitian proses penyembuhan luka dan penuaankulit. Metode ini digunakan untuk melihat perkembangan sel, proliferasi kinetik seluler, sertabiosintesis komponen matriks ekstraseluler. Penelitian pendahuluan ini dilakukan untuk optimasiteknik laboratorium serta berbagai kendala yang didapatkan saat kultur fibroblas. Kultur primerfibroblas dibagi menjadi 2 jenis sampel yaitu sampel yang berasal dari embrio mencit usia 7,5–9,5 hari, dan kulit pasien keloid. Sampel dari embrio mencit dilakukan kultur primer denganmetode dissociated fibroblast. Sampel jaringan keloid dan kulit normal dikultur dengan metodeskin explant. Fibroblas yang berasal dari kultur primer embrio mencit tumbuh baik sehinggadapat dilakukan subkultur dan disimpan di dalam nitrogen cair suhu -198°C. Fibroblas yangberasal dari sampel keloid pertama tumbuh sesuai pola pertumbuhan fibroblas, namun padasampel kedua terdapat kontaminasi Paecilomyces sp. yang merupakan salah satu jenis jamurkontaminan. Sel fibroblas mudah untuk dikultur karena memiliki kemampuan tumbuh danmelekat yang tinggi serta regenerasi cepat, namun penelitian lebih lanjut untuk optimasi teknikkultur dan pencegahan kontaminasi masih dibutuhkan sehingga sel dapat tumbuh baik.AbstractFibroblast cell culture method has been used for wound healing and skin aging studies. Thismethod was used for cell development imaging study, celullar kinetic proliferation andextracelullar matrix component biosynthesis. This preeliminary study was done for laboratoricaltechnic optimation as well as problems appeared in fibroblast culture. Fibroblasts primary culturewas divided into 2 type of samples, from 7.5-9.5-day-mice embryo and keloid-patient skin.Primary culture with dissociated fibroblast method was done for mice embryo sample. Keloidtissue sample and normal skin were cultured with skin explant method. Fibroblasts that weretaken from mice embryo primary culture grew well therefore subculture can be done and kept in -198°C liquid nitrogen storage. Fibroblasts that were taken from first keloid sample grewaccording to fibroblast growth pattern, but, there was contamination with Paecilomyces sp. whichwas one of the contaminating fungi. Fibroblast cells are easy to be cultured as they have growthability and high adhesion capability as well as rapid regeneration, but, further study for culturedtechnical optimation and contamination prevention are still neededthereforethe cells can growwell.

Our results suggest that IL-18 is correlated with increased of IL-4 levels in SEB-stimulated AD lymphocyte cultures.