Serradella is a plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family, with recognized forage value and has the ability to associate symbiotically with rhizobia. The objective of this study was to isolate, authenticate and select effective rhizobia obtained from native serradella (Ornithopus micranthus) to reduce the need for mineral fertilizer. Nodules, roots of serradella and rhizosphere soil samples were collected in seven municipalities from Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states. Bacterial colonies were isolated and identified based on morphological characteristics. The authentification and initial selection of rhizobia were conducted in vitro. The most promising strains from the in vitro study were evaluated in a greenhouse experiment for 60 days. Among the 148 bacterial cultures characterized, 113 induced the formation of nodules in serradella while 32 isolate effectively increased fresh mass of plants under in vitro conditions. The strains UFRGS Om57, UFRGS Om59 and UFRGS Om148 formed nodules with greater dry mass and produced high dry mass of plants (shoots and roots) which allowed greater accumulation of N in the shoots.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOA adesmia (Adesmia latifolia) é uma leguminosa nativa da região sul do Brasil, que apresenta algumas características de crescimento e adaptação interessantes para o seu cultivo como espécie forrageira. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi isolar, identificar e autenticar rizóbios infectivos e eficientes quanto à fixação biológica de nitrogênio em adesmia. Com base em características morfo-fisiológicas foram isoladas e identificadas colônias com características rizobianas. Também foram estudadas três estirpes recomendadas para adesmia (SEMIA 3007, SEMIA 6437 e SEMIA 6438), e 50 rizóbios isolados de A. latifolia, fornecidos pela Epagri-SC. Foram obtidos 17 isolados bacterianos. No experimento para autenticação observou-se que do total de rizóbios estudados, 61 isolados foram capazes de nodular adesmia e 38 foram capazes de incrementar a massa fresca das plantas. As plantas inoculadas com os isolados EEL46210 e EEL1010 superaram as do tratamento Controle + N e as inoculadas com a estirpe SEMIA6437 na produção de massa fresca total, número de folhas e comprimento da parte aérea.Palavras-chave: Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio (FBN). Simbiose. Adesmia latifolia. Pastagem Nativa.
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