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The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of profitability in Indonesian banking industry. This research defines profitability as basic earning power (BEP) and return on equity (ROE) with variables like basic condition, market structure, banking characteristics and performance as its determinants. Both credit market and deposit market channel of Indonesian banking were used to analyze the data. The Structure-Conduct Performance (SCP) paradigm was used to offer theoretical perspective. Data was collected through purposive sampling technique, randomly picked from Indonesian banks financial statements during 2001-2014. The dynamic panel GMM-Arellanno Bond was used as the tool analysis. The results show that basic condition, market structure, banking characteristic, and performance significantly influence profitability. Based on this result, the study recommends that Indonesian banking segment should improve its market structure through enhancement of performance particularly that of individual banks. It also recommends that regulations and policy planning of national banking industry should be directed to retaining and increasing profitability without relying on market power, nor requiring collusion or high interest to get higher profit. The implication of the current research will be seen in judging the durability of bank profitability and finding means to make it strong enough despite the influence of crisis, money market and inflation, although it may be still sensitive to exchange rate volatility. Contribution/ Originality:This study contributes to the existing literature since the determinants of banking profitability are seen holistically in this study. Based on Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) versus Efficiency Structure Hypothesis (ESH) Paradigm test, this study has attempted to detect the condition of the Indonesian Banking Industry, whether it is still collusive or has gained efficiency in the current time.

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This study aims to invent a new, low-cost, and faster method of prosthetic socket fabrication, especially in Indonesia. In this paper, the photogrammetry with the 3D printing method is introduced as the new applicative way for transradial prosthetic making. Photogrammetry is used to retrieve a 3D model of the amputated hand stump using a digital camera. A digital camera is used for photogrammetry technique and the resulting 3D model is printed using a circular 3D printer with Polylactic acid (PLA) material. The conventional casting socket fabrication method was also conducted in this study as a comparison. Both prosthetic sockets were analyzed for usability, and sectional area conformities to determine the size deviation using the image processing method. This study concludes that the manufacturing of transradial prosthetic sockets incorporating the photogrammetry technique reduces the total man-hour production. Based on the results, it can be implied that the photogrammetry technique is a more efficient and economical method compared to the conventional casting method. The 3D printed socket resulting from the photogrammetry method has a 5–19% area deviation to the casting socket but it is still preferable and adjustable for the transradial amputee when applied to the stump of the remaining hand.

Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) is the principal enzyme involved in the metabolic activation of tobacco-specific nitrosamines to their ultimate carcinogenic forms and metabolism of nicotine. The present study was developed to investigate the genetic polymorphism of CYP2A6 in Javanese Indonesian subjects carrying the CYP2A6*1 allele and the CYP2A6*4. The whole gene deletion of CYP2A6 (CYP2A6*4) may inhibit smokers from giving up smoking, but appears to function as a protective factor against some cancer. However, the investigation of these allele, a major functional polymorphisms common in Asian populations, have not been reported among Javanese Indonesian population. A single polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to resolve the genotypes into CYP2A6*1 (wild type) and CYP2A6*4 (CYP2A6del). The sample studied consisted of 100 healthy subject that consist of 50 non smokers and 50 smoker from Javanese Indonesian population. The allele frequencies of *1 (wild type) and *4, were 47.5 and 52.5%, respectively. When the two allel were considered simultaneously, among the nonsmokers, 45% were genotyped for CYP2A6*1/*4 and 5% were genotyped for CYP2A6*4/*4; on the other hand all of the smoker were genotyped for CYP2A6*1/*4 and there was no homozygote of wild type. Based on the data collected, it could be concluded that the polymorphism of CYP2A6 were detected in among Javanese population sample study and the allele frequencies of CYP2A6*4 were high.