Background: In some countries, exclusive breastfeeding is practiced in a limited number of cases and for a short period of time; on an international scale in 2012, only 39% of six-month-old babies were exclusively breastfed. This breastfeeding rate falls short of the World Health Organization's recommended threshold (WHO). According to WHO, to reach the global level by 2025, which is 50% of mothers must exclusively breastfeed for 6 months after giving birth, a strategy must be developed to encourage and facilitate the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding. So, it is hoped that with the target set by WHO, mothers can give breast milk exclusively to their babies for 6 months optimally. Exclusive breastfeeding (ASI) is the ideal nutrition for babies in the first 6 months of life, with continued breastfeeding being recommended for up to 2 years of age. The health benefits of self-feeding are dose dependent, and infants with longer periods of exclusive breastfeeding have better health outcomes. The benefits of breastfeeding are dose dependent, and children have better health outcomes when they are breastfeeding exclusively for longer periods of time, but exclusive breastfeeding has not yet reached its aim due to a variety of factors that contribute to failure.Objectives: To identify factors affecting the failure of exclusive breastfeeding practice.Method: The method employed was scoping review, which starts with identifying scoping review questions using the PEO’S framework; selecting relevant articles based on inclusion and exclusion criteria; and finally, evaluating the results. utilizing databases such as Pubmed, Willey Online Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to conduct literature searches; Select articles with a PRISMA Flowchart that describes the search process; execute data charting and critical appraisal; compile and report results.Result: 10 relevant articles have grade A and grade B out of the 103 items that were selected using confidence. Quantitative and qualitative research were used to create these articles. Several factors that influence the inability of exclusive breastfeeding include education knowledge, age parity, nipple pain, workplace, work facilities, workload, support culture.Conclusion: Internal and external factors influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding, the internal aspects including education and knowledge, age and parity, and nipple pain. Workplace, work facilities, workload, support, and culture all are external factors. The failure of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by several internal and external factors Therefore, it is hoped that the second factor can be a concern to reduce the incidence of unsuccessful exclusive breastfeeding.
Covid-19 can attack all ages includes the infant due to high level of infection. Infant with low birthweight is a population that is susceptible to the immune system that has been not mature therefore they have bigger risk to have a respiratory infection. Baby birth rate with low birthweight during the pandemic have increased, meanwhile the breastfeeding practice still becomes a problem, for multifactorial reason, prematurely born baby have lower possibility to begin breastfeeding and their mothers tend to breastfeed in shorter duration compared to baby born at term. Aim: explore the experience of breastfeeding in baby/infant with low birthweight during the pandemic. Method: the method used is scoping review by using checklist Prism- ScR where it has 22 items of instrument, 20 items of important report and 2 items optional, identifying scoping review question by using PEOs framework; selecting relevant article based on inclusion and exclusion criteria by utilizing data based such as PubMed, Willey Online Library, ProQuest, and Google Scholar to conduct literature searching; selecting article by using Prism flowchart, charting data, arranging and reporting the result.
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