Context-aware technologies can make e-learning services smarter and more efficient since context-aware services are based on the user’s behavior. To add those technologies into existing e-learning services, a service architecture model is needed to transform the existing e-learning environment, which is situation-aware, into the environment that understands context as well. The context-awareness in e-learning may include the awareness of user profile and terminal context. In this paper, we propose a new notion of service that provides context-awareness to smart learning content in a cloud computing environment. We suggest the elastic four smarts (E4S)—smart pull, smart prospect, smart content, and smart push—concept to the cloud services so smart learning services are possible. The E4S focuses on meeting the users’ needs by collecting and analyzing users’ behavior, prospecting future services, building corresponding contents, and delivering the contents through cloud computing environment. Users’ behavior can be collected through mobile devices such as smart phones that have built-in sensors. As results, the proposed smart e-learning model in cloud computing environment provides personalized and customized learning services to its users.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Purpose: Sensory perception and performance are important aspects for the successful development of cosmetic in the market. In this study, we aimed to prepare semi-permanent eyebrow formulations and perform a sensory evaluation of the same. Methods: We prepared semi-permanent eyebrow cosmetic (SEC) formulations of different pHs (pH 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0) and evaluated the sensory attribute on a 5point Likert scale. The test panel comprised women aged 20-39 years who were SEC users and were recruited from an organization via invitation. Results: In sensory evaluation, no difference was noted among samples regarding their spreadability and usability. This is attributable to the fact that the tested samples were prepared in the same form as the liquid type of SECs. The SEC (pH 3.0) and SEC (pH 4.0) showed a high satisfaction level for the color strength and tenacity. These results are likely to be related to the pH regulator components (i.e., citric acid and sodium citrate). Conclusions: The following was the prominent finding of the sensory evaluation: formulations with a low pH (<4.0) are beneficial for maintaining the coloration (i.e., color strength and tenacity) in SECs.