Sepsis term based on newest guideline is life threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host respone to infection. The usage of SIRS criteria to identify sepsis was considered to be unhelpful. Organ dysfunction is defined as an increase of SOFA score ≥ 2. And severe sepsis is not used anymore. Septic shock is defined as a subset of sepsis in which umderlying circulatory and metabolic abnormalities are profound enough to substantially increase mortality. In 2016 guidelines, EGDT resuscitation target has been removed, and recommended treatment with at least 30 mL/kg of intravenous crystalloid given in 3 hours or less. ABSTRAKIstilah Sepsis menurut konsensus terbaru adalah keadaan disfungsi organ yang mengancam jiwa yang disebabkan karena disregulasi respon tubuh terhadap infeksi. Penggunaan kriteria SIRS untuk mengidentifikasi sepsis dianggap tidak membantu lagi. Kriteria SIRS tidak menggambarkan adanya respon disregulasi yang mengancam jiwa. Disfungsi organ didiagnosis apabila peningkatan skor SOFA ≥ 2. Dan istilah sepsis berat sudah tidak digunakan. Septik syok didefinisikan sebagai keadaan sepsis dimana abnormalitas sirkulasi dan metabolik yang terjadi dapat menyebabkan kematian secara signifikan. Dalam protokol yang dikeluarkan pada tahun 2016, target resusitasi EGDT dihilangkan, dan merekomendasikan terapi cairan kristaloid minimal sebesar 30 ml/ kgBB dalam 3 jam atau kurang.
This article is intended to highlight the linguistic principle proposed by anthropological linguists, “Language is a mirror of the culture.” The purpose of study attempts to explore foreign language teaching and learning from the perspective of language shapes thought and to improve language learning through a cross a cross-cultural communication. The first part of this article, the linguistic principle, is reflected in the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis or the Whorfian hypothesis briefly highlighted. Second part focuses on the practical use of the Whorfian hypothesis for teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL), especially cross culture understanding (CCU) and the English teaching for specific purposes (ESP).
Muhammadiyah has long been recognized as a movement of dakwah (Islamic promulgation), tajdid (religious renewal), and social empowerment, and has been recorded by the history as the point of departure toward the resurrection of Muslim community in Indonesia. A dakwah activity with a social touch through educational efforts and social services has made this organization as an icon of a distinct Islamic modernization. Due to the increasing challenges faced by the dakwah activity, Muhammadiyah has to dovetail its movement with the sensitivity of cultural rooms located in the heart of Indonesian communities. Therefore, in this modern juncture, Muhammadiyah cannot be conceived as a movement without cultural sensitivity; a movement that tends to banish local cultural elements. This necessitates Muhammadiyah to acknowledge a spotlight where cultures have been well flourishing in such a colorful country.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) adalah gangguan saraf pada ekstremitas atas di mana nervus medianus terhimpit. Gangguan ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor yang mengakibatkan penyempitan terowongan karpal. Penyebab paling umum adalah pekerjaan engan gerakan mengetik atau fleksi dan ekstensi pergelangan tangan berulang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian CTS pada karyawan administrasi yang menggunakan komputer setiap harinya berdasarkan keluhan utama, usia, jenis kelamin, lama mengetik, masa kerja, posisi pergelangan tangan dan tes phalen. Sampel diperoleh dengan cara purposive sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner serta tes phalen dan diolah menggunakan program SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian dari 29 responden didapatkan gambaran risiko CTS dengan rentang usia 40-60 tahun sebanyak 11 responden (37,9%) berisiko CTS, 16 responden (55,2%) positif CTS. Karyawan dengan lama bekerja lebih dari 4 jam per hari dan berisiko CTS sebanyak 18 responden (62,1%) dan karyawan dengan masa kerja lebih dari 4 tahun dan berisiko CTS sebanyak 23 responden (79,3%). Sebanyak 16 responden (55,2%) dengan posisi pergelangan tangan janggal berisiko mengalami CTS. Studi menyimpulkan bahwa angka kejadian CTS pada karyawan administrasi meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, lama bekerja dan posisi pergelangan tangan yang janggal pada saat bekerja. Karena itu, edukasi kepada karyawan administrasi mengenai faktor yang dapat menyebabkan CTS harus dilakukan.
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