Pediatric brain tumors, the most common solid tumors in children, stand second among all childhood malignancies. Supratentorial tumors are more common in early ages of life and early adolescence, whereas infra-tentorial tumors such as ependymoma and medulloblastoma are more common in between these age groups. 1 Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common glial tumor of the brain associated with high mortality and morbidity; nevertheless, the giant cell glioblastoma (GCG) subtype, an unusual variant of glioblastoma is distinct in features on histopathology and supposedly has a better prognosis. Recent studies report for an incidence of 1% in adults and 3% in children among all glioblastoma cases. We report a case of GCG in a 6-year-old boy along with a review of relevant literature. 2 | CASE REPORT A 6-year-old young school-going boy presented to the emergency department with a history of holocranial and
When a patient presents with undulating fever and neuropsychiatric features, neurobrucellosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis. If diagnosed early, neurobrucellosis is a treatable disease with a favorable outcome.
Pure Sertoli cell tumors are an uncommon variant of rare ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. Due to nonspecific clinical and imaging features, diagnosis is often made after histopathological examination. The prognosis is excellent as most are detected in the early stages and surgical resection is often curative in most cases.
Introduction
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited colorectal cancer syndrome characterized by several adenomatous polyps of the gastrointestinal mucosa with a universal risk of colorectal cancer in a lifetime. FAP is usually asymptomatic in the first decade of life.
Case presentation
We report a case of a 13-year-old girl diagnosed with FAP who presented in our center with symptoms of hematochezia along with a positive history of the untimely demise of her father and elder sister with similar symptoms.
Discussion
FAP is an autosomal dominant disease affecting both male and female equally with variable penetrance. Diagnosis is made by finding hundreds to thousands of adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum, and molecular analysis of the
APC
gene which forms the definitive diagnosis. Prophylactic laparoscopic total proctocolectomy with ileorectal anastomosis is a safe and feasible surgical option with a low risk of complications among adolescents. An endoscopic/colonoscopic procedure is recommended every 6 to 12 months after surgery to assess the anastomosis site, pouch, and residual rectum.
Conclusion
FAP, a rare disease entity in adolescents should be managed by appropriate diagnostic procedures, early prophylactic surgery, and regular lifelong follow-up.
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