Variability among 11 wheat germplasms viz. KRL 283, KRL 330, KLP 402, WH 1112, DBW 111, NW 5055, RAJ 4270, KRL 327, KRL 331, KRL 210 and KHARACHIA 65 were studied considering their morphology and the presence of bio-molecules. The results revealed that all these germplasms possess variability in terms of the mentioned parameters. The germplasm, RAJ 4270 and KRL 331 were medium in plant height with synchronous tillering habit while the majority were dwarf in nature except KHARACHIA 65. The germplasm also showed different response to spot blotch at different stages of plant growth, reflecting 11.04 - 15.40% at booting, 21.65 - 28.75 at flowering and 30.5 - 40.78 % at milking stages. Among all the germplasms, NW 5055 showed minimum disease severity, representing 11.04, 21.65 and 30.5% at booting, flowering and milking stages, respectively. The possible mechanism of resistance revealed that the presence of higher amount of total phenol and soluble protein, resulted lower disease incidence. The germplasm NW 5055 contained maximum amount of soluble protein reflecting, 30.27 mg/g at seedling, 29.54 mg/g at booting, 28.48 mg/g at flowering and 28.25 mg/g at milking stage. Similarly, total phenol content was also found maximum 2.87 mg/g at seedling, 2.73 mg/g at booting, 2.50 mg/g at flowering and 2.35 mg/g at milking stage in the same variety. Correlation between total phenol and soluble protein with disease severity at different stages of plant growth showed that there was a negative correlation in almost all the germplasms.

Exotic plum cultivars that have been introduced from different countries and planted at Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture were studied for their various varietal characteristics. The study consisted of fourteen different plum cultivars of uniform age replicated thrice in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). All the cultivars under study had round fruit shape except Grand Duke and Au-Rosa which were oblong and heart shaped. Highest fruit weight (65.78 g) was recorded in cultivar Frontier while lowest fruit weight (26.44 g) was recorded in cultivar Krassivica Plum. Most of the cultivars were cling stone type except Frontier, Au-Rosa and Grand Duke which were free stone type. Maximum values for total sugars were recorded in cultivar Frontier (8.96%), reducing sugars in cultivar Monarch (6.98 %) and non-reducing sugars in cultivar Tarrol (2.78 %). Maximum total soluble solids (TSS) were recorded in cultivar Au-Rosa (16.06 0 B), whereas, highest acidity was recorded in cultivar Black Amber (2.22 %) and sugar: acid ratio was registered in cultivar Frontier (7.59). Cultivar Red Plum matured earliest among all the cultivars whereas cultivar Grand Duke matured late. Maximum fruit yield (52.54 kg/tree) was registered in cultivar Frontier while minimum (18.07 kg/tree) was recorded in cultivar Kubio Plum. These cultivars can be further evaluated and used in breeding programme for further improvement of plum.