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Ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization. Ontology provides domain vocabulary, domain knowledge, common understanding, shareability, information interoperability, reusability, concept hierarchy, and relationships that support semantic information retrieval. Ontology improves performance of the system by addressing interoperability issues due to semantic and syntactic heterogeneity. Vast numbers of application domain experts are using ontologies in diverse applications. Use of effective and efficient ontology storage system results improved performance in applications and enables semantic information retrieval. Many prominent researchers and software agencies have proposed and developed several ontology storage methods and tools with various features. The choice of a specific storage model/tool always depend on the specific purpose of the application and the nature of features that are available in the storage model/tool to be utilized in the specific applications. The familiarity of various ontology storage models and tools with the respective features helps user to choose an appropriate storage structure aiming at high-performance applications. The current research work is a comprehensively authentic study carryout out on various ontology storage models and tools with their respective features, which are very essential for optimum performance.

The advancement of technology in the area of satellite remote sensing has been generating voluminous amount of satellite images at regular intervals regularly. The satellite image analysis derive very useful, invaluable and essential inputs for various applications such as disaster management, civil aviation, meteorology, ocean observation systems, earth science studies and defense applications, etc. The satellite image analysis technique provides the necessary inputs for image preprocessing systems as a basic prerequisite and essential ingredient. Over the past several years many satellite image preprocessing tools have been developed with various features. The choice of satellite image preprocessing tools basically depend on the purpose of image analysis, the features of satellite image preprocessing tools and the specific need and application. Due to a large number of applications of satellite images, user has a wide ranging choice to select optimally the right preprocessing tool for the right application. Thus, the present study helps in aiding the proper understanding and selection of the various satellite image preprocessing tools and their features for any specific application. To facilitate this scheme, the current study has identified various satellite image preprocessing tools and prominent features of the desired tool. Briefly, the study presents a clear understanding with specific examples on the various available tools and features for the user specific application for the desired satellite images. The various features of the satellite image preprocessing tools have been presented in detail for ready reference, guidance and usage.

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