Coeliac trunk and Superior Mesenteric arteries are very much susceptible to variations and were described by Tandler in 1904. Abdominal aorta branches are classified as single double or visceral parietal. Double visceral branches are middle suprarenal, renal and testicular arteries and single visceral branches are coeliac trunk, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries. Materials and Methods:  After obtaining ethical committee approval, we observed the origin, course and branching pattern of pancreatico duodenal arteries in 50 cadavers kept for dissection from 2019-2022 in Rohilkand Medical College and Hospital and Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences. Results:  In a male cadaver aged approximately 60 years, we observed that inferior pancreatico duodenal artery is absent. In another male cadaver aged about 70 years, we observed an additional inferior pancreatico duodenal artery. In remaining specimens, we observed the branching pattern very much normal.

No abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) morbidity and mortality increasing day by day in India as well as worldwide. Coronary arteries visualization by using invasive catheterization angiography is still using as a front-line diagnostic tool to evaluate the patients with CAD. 128 slice dual source CT improves the cardiac imaging such as high scanning speed, good temporal resolution and low radiation dose. Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of 128-slice dual source CT cardiac angiography with conventional catheter angiography to find common arteries involved in CAD. Methods: This is a prospective, comparative, cross sectional study conducted at cardiology OPD. Patients with complaint of chest pain and suspected CAD were evaluated by CT and conventional coronary angiography and results were compared. Serum creatinine and ECG status were analyzed before the angiography. SIEMENS 128-slice Dual Source Flash Definition CT Scanner was used as a CT coronary angiography. Severity distribution of coronary artery disease, artery wise distribution of non-significant, significant lesions and coronary artery dominance pattern were analyzed and compared. Results: A total of 70 suspected CAD patients were selected and analyzed. American Heart Association (AHA) model of 17-segment was used to assess the coronary arteries. Normal angiograms reported in 15.71% patients and 58.57% had significant disease. A total of 356 lesions were identified from 690 out of 720 segments. Right coronary artery (RCA) is the most common location of significant lesions which contributes 33.5% (n=55/164). Coronary circulation of right-sided dominance was most commonly reported (70.0%). CT angiography showed 96.13% of an overall sensitivity, 96.28% specificity, 89.72% positive predictive value and 98.49% negative predictive value. Conclusion: 128-slice dual source CT scanner has showed high accuracy and act as non-invasive assessment of coronary arteries in patients with CAD Keywords: Cardiac angiography, Catheter coronary angiography, CT coronary angiography, 128-slice MDCT, Conventional angiography

The prevalence of coronary artery disease in India has led to a rapid transition in health status. Knowledge of coronary artery anatomy including anomalies and variations according to region is very important for clinical therapeutic surgeries. The heart was supplied by two coronary arteries i.e. right and left coronary arteries respectively. Out of two arteries, Left Coronary Artery (LCA) irrigates most of the area of the heart and presents wide variability in its morphology. Subjects and Methods: The present study was carried out in two hundred fifty healthy individuals out of whom one hundred twenty were male. Results: According to division of Left Coronary artery, Bifurcation was seen in 107 males and 111 females. Trifurcation of left coronary artery was seen in seventeen males and twelve females and quadrification was seen in one male and two females. Length of left coronary artery was significantly high in females and diameter was more in males. Conclusion: The findings in this study can help to understand the significant association between the length and angle of division of left coronary artery. The knowledge about anatomy and variations of left coronary artery is very useful for cardiologists to treat clinical complications.

Aim:  Study of non metric cranial variants have been a field of considerable interest to research workers especially because of their racial and regional importance. Present study is undertaken to know the morphometric differences of hypoglossal canal and to draw any significant statistical conclusions. Materials and methods: This study is conducted on eighty central Indian dry crania of unknown sex and age. Various parameters of hypoglossal canal were measured and documented. Results: The intra cranial diameter ranged on right side from 5-7.5 mm with an average of 6.0±3 mm. On left side, it ranged from 4.5-8mm with an average of 6.8±3mm. The extra cranial diameter ranged on right side from 5.5-8.5mm with an average of 6.4±2 mm and on left side ranged from 5.5-9mm with an average of 6.2±3mm. Regarding the shape of the openings, of the eighty skulls used for this study, we found round shaped (63,78.75%), oval shaped (10,12.5%), kidney shaped (1,1.25%), tear drop shaped (4,5%), dumb bell shaped(1, 1.25%), triangle shaped(1,1.25%). Septation is observed on right side in 5 skulls (6.25%) and on left side in 8 skulls (10%).